The effect of method, type of solvent and extraction time towards the yield of oil on essential oil extraction from lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia)

Abstract

Essential oil is a volatile substance and has a distinctive scent that can be found on plants. Lime peel oil is one part of the plant which can be processed to make an essential oil so that it can be used as a natural fragrance in soap making. The purpose of this study is to produce essential oil from lime peel, which can be used as a substitute for synthetic fragrance ingredients in soap making. The other purpose is to obtain the optimum method, type of solvent, and the optimum extraction time to produce essential oil. The raw material used in this study is lime peel powder sized 50 mesh. The water content of raw material on lime peel powder is 76,5 %. The extraction method used in the research is maceration with stirring equal to 150 rpm and Soxhlet with extraction time for 6, 9, and 12 hours. In this study, the ratio of raw material to the solvent is 1:10, and the type of solvent used is hexane, ethanol, and distilled water. The result in this study shows that Soxhlet is the optimum method, which obtains yield equal to 6,15% for 12 using hexane as solvent.

Hydrodistillation and Soxhlet Method of Extraction and Analyses of Chemical Composition of Citrus Peel Essential Oil

“…Excess solvent was evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator to get the citrus peel oil. Essential oil extract was stored under refrigeration conditions (+4 °C) until gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis (Hasibuan and Gultom, 2021).…”

A Mini-Review of the Main Effects of Essential Oils from Citrus aurantifolia, Ocimum basilicum, and Allium sativum as Safe Antimicrobial Activity in Poultry

“…The CA tree produces fruit annually and adapts well to different climates and soil conditions, requiring low input costs and good market demand [15]. CAEO is an aromatic liquid mainly extracted from the peels and leaves of CA through various extraction protocols, which include maceration, solvent (Soxhlet), hydrodistillation, and steam distillation [16][17][18][19][20]. This oil can yield 18.02% when extracted by Soxhlet [21], a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 , and a refractive index of 1.48 at 20 • C [19].…”

“…CAEO is an aromatic liquid mainly extracted from the peels and leaves of CA through various extraction protocols, which include maceration, solvent (Soxhlet), hydrodistillation, and steam distillation [16][17][18][19][20]. This oil can yield 18.02% when extracted by Soxhlet [21], a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 , and a refractive index of 1.48 at 20 • C [19]. Its colouration can range from colourless to greenish-yellow or yellowish-green [19].…”

“…This oil can yield 18.02% when extracted by Soxhlet [21], a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 , and a refractive index of 1.48 at 20 • C [19]. Its colouration can range from colourless to greenish-yellow or yellowish-green [19]. The main component of CAEO is limonene, representing up to 98.3% of the essential oil [22].…”

Valorization of tropical fruit‐processing wastes and byproducts for biofuel production

“…Besides the solvent types, as reported by Sarungallo et al ., 145 the oil yield is influenced by temperature and heating time, and the highest oil yield from red fruit was recorded with increasing heating time before extraction. Hasibuan and Gultom 146 stated that oil extraction time is a factor that influences the extraction process, and a higher oil yield from the citrus lime peel is obtained at a longer extraction time, as presented in Table 9.…”