The Effect of Monocular Pattern Deprivation and Open-Loop Stimulation on Optokinetic Nystagmus in Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

Behrens, F.; Grüsser, O.‐J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73849-4_40

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In MD cats there is a marked asymmetry in the OKN of the non‐deprived eye (Van Hof‐Van Duin 1978;Malach et al . 1984;Markner & Hoffmann 1985), which did not exist in squirrel monkeys (this study;Behrens & Grüsser 1988) or in macaque monkeys (Sparks et al . 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…In the animals we tested, OKN elicited through the deprived eye was extremely weak but symmetrical in one animal and completely biased in the nasotemporal direction by a strong spontaneous nystagmus in the other. From the same group of deprived animals Behrens & Grüsser 1988) reported for another animal OKN of the deprived eye to be stronger during temporonasal than nasotemporal stimulus movement like in MD cats and humans with unilateral cataracts. However, Behrens 1990) reports in his unpublished thesis that another three monocularly deprived squirrel monkeys tested had weak symmetrical OKN or OKN even stronger in the nasotemporal direction (Behrens 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…(B) Range of eye velocity (degrees per second) (ordinate) plotted over retinal slip velocity (degrees per second) (abscissa) during stimulation of the non‐deprived (dotted area) and deprived eye (hatched area). Data are taken from the study by Behrens & Grüsser 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of early MD on OKN have been studied in macaque monkeys by Sparks et al . 1986) and in squirrel monkeys by Behrens & Grüsser 1988). In macaques, short‐term early MD (7–14 days, onset 8–14 days after birth) leads to an asymmetrical OKN in the deprived but not in the non‐deprived eye.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1984;Markner & Hoffmann 1985;Sparks et al . 1986;Behrens & Grüsser 1988;Lewis et al . 1989;Reed et al .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 4 more Smart Citations

Optokinetic reflex in squirrel monkeys after long‐term monocular deprivation

Distler

1998

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) as well as neuronal response properties in the nucleus of the optic tract and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic system (NOT-DTN) were investigated in three monocularly deprived squirrel monkeys. In two monkeys occlusion of one eye was performed at birth (early) and in the third after 7 weeks (late). In adulthood, in early deprived monkeys monocular horizontal OKN tested through the non-deprived eye was symmetrical and in no way different from normal, i.e. stimulation in the temporonasal and nasotemporal direction elicited equal and robust responses. OKN through the early occluded eye, however, was grossly abnormal with low gain and great variability in the consistency of nasotemporal and temporonasal slow phase eye movements. When in the late deprived monkey the non-deprived eye was occluded a strong spontaneous nystagmus developed despite the deprived eye viewing a stationary pattern. The slow phases were directed from nasal to temporal for the deprived eye. When tested through the non-deprived eye all neuronal responses of the NOT-DTN were normal. The deprived eye's influence on NOT-DTN neurons was extremely weak. No neuron with a moderate or even dominant input from the deprived eye was found after early deprivation. In the late deprived case the deficit was not as severe but still the non-deprived eye was clearly dominating the responses in all neurons tested. Velocity tuning of neurons tested through the non-deprived eye was normal and qualitatively corresponded well to slow phase eye velocity in response to equivalent retinal slip during OKN. Through the early deprived eye, however, velocity tuning was extremely poor. It was somewhat better through the late deprived eye. We suggest that the dramatic deterioration in the optokinetic reflex found after long-term monocular deprivation for the amblyopic eye is probably caused by the almost complete loss of retinal and cortical input driven by that eye to the NOT-DTN. These results are discussed in relation to our previous results in cats and reports in the literature for humans with occlusion amblyopia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1984;Markner & Hoffmann 1985;Sparks et al . 1986;Behrens & Grüsser 1988;Lewis et al . 1989;Reed et al .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 3 more Smart Citations

Optokinetic reflex in squirrel monkeys after long‐term monocular deprivation

Distler

1998

Eur J of Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Chapter 16 Open-loop and closed-loop optokinetic nystagmus in Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) and in man

Behrens

Grüsser

Roggenkämper

1989

Progress in Brain Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Essential Infantile Esotropia: Potential Pathogenetic Role of Extended Subcortical Neuroplasticity

Brodsky

2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Essential infantile esotropia is generated by prenuclear visual pathways that increase esotonus and gradually drive the eyes into a convergent position. Contrary to the prevailing notion that infantile esotropia reflects a primary disturbance within the visual cortex, accumulating evidence suggests that infantile esotropia is generated by lower subcortical centers that subserve nasalward optokinesis. These phylogenetically older visuo-vestibular pathways include the nucleus of the optic tract, accessory optic system, inferior olive, cerebellar flocculus, and vestibular nucleus. In humans, the subcortical visual system is normally turned off after the first few months of infancy but retains its function in children who develop infantile esotropia. Mutations or other perturbations that prolong subcortical neuroplasticity may therefore lead to a persistent simultaneous nasalward optokinetic imbalance in both eyes to generate infantile esotropia. Deficits in cortical motion processing and monocular nasotemporal asymmetry to foveated optokinetic targets are likely the effect, rather than the cause, of infantile esotropia.

show abstract

The Effect of Monocular Pattern Deprivation and Open-Loop Stimulation on Optokinetic Nystagmus in Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Optokinetic reflex in squirrel monkeys after long‐term monocular deprivation

Optokinetic reflex in squirrel monkeys after long‐term monocular deprivation

Chapter 16 Open-loop and closed-loop optokinetic nystagmus in Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) and in man

Essential Infantile Esotropia: Potential Pathogenetic Role of Extended Subcortical Neuroplasticity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About