The Effect of Plagiochin E Alone and in Combination with Fluconazole on the Ergosterol Biosynthesis of Candida albicans

Abstract

Correction: In the manuscript described above, we have described the effect of plagiochin E alone and in combination with fluconazole on the ergosterol biosynthesis of Candida albicans. Now we found a fatal error occurred during the sterol content calculation according to Fig 3A. Based on this wrong datum, the calculation of relative sterol composition of C. albicans CA10 has provided wrong results in Table 2. According to the correct data, for plagiochin E on the resistant strain CA10, ergosterol percentage was reduced, but, lanosterol and 14 a-methylfecosterol were accumulated. So when FLC-resistant strain was treated by PLE, the accumulation of 14 a-methylated sterols (lanosterol and 14 a-methylfecosterol) and the down regulation of ERG11 may indicate the other mechanism for resistance reverse.We therefore deleted this publication of Biol. Pharm. Bull.

In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Eucarobustol E against Candida albicans

“…The production of ergosterol in C. albicans was quantified through a spectrophotometric method. Extracted sterols demonstrated a characteristic four-peak spectral absorption pattern at between 240 and 300 nm (41)(42)(43). In our experiment, EE reduced the level of ergosterol production in C. albicans.…”

“…Total cellular ergosterol from the cell cultures was quantified as previously reported (41)(42)(43). Briefly, suspensions of 10 6 cells/ml with or without EE were incubated at 35°C for 12 h under constant shaking at 150 rpm.…”

In Vivo Inhibitory Effect on the Biofilm Formation of Candida albicans by Liverwort Derived Riccardin D

“…The macrocyclic bisbibenzyl RCD, extracted from Chinese liverwort Dumortiera hirsute , structurally consisted of two biphenyl bonds linked by diaryl ether bonds and phenolic hydroxyl groups in different numbers, was found to be effective on C. albicans in either planktonic or biofilms states [17], [19], [20]. RCD also showed synergistic effect when used in combination with FLC against C. albicans in vitro , with the possible mechanism of interfering with the FLC-targeted ergosterol biosynthesis pathway [31]. Our understanding about the inhibition effect of RCD against C. albicans planktonic cells or biofilms is based on in vitro studies, while these experiments could not simulate the in vivo environment of the infection and host immune system exactly.…”

Coumarins as new matrices for matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric analysis of hydrophobic compounds

“…DCA was chosen as an example and applied to the identification of sterols in yeast cells by MALDI-FT ICR MS. Sterols are important components of the yeast membrane and inhibiting the synthesis of or direct interaction with sterols are mechanisms of antifungal agents in clinical use [5][6][7]31]. The mechanism of resistance to azoles is also related to the metabolic pathway of sterols.…”

“…For instance, sterols are the predominant components of the fungal cell membrane and inhibitors of the sterol biosynthetic pathway are potential antifungal therapeutic agents [3][4][5][6]. Metabolic profiling of fungal sterols is important for identification of antifungal drug targets and investigating mechanisms of drug resistance [7][8][9].…”