The effect of platform switching on the levels of metal ion release from different implant–abutment couples

Abstract

The improved peri-implant bone response demonstrated by platform switching may be the result of reduced amounts of metal ions released to the surrounding tissues. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of metal ions released from platform-matched and platform-switched implant–abutment couples as a result of accelerated corrosion. Thirty-six titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and cobalt–chrome alloy abutments were coupled with titanium cylinders forming either platform-switched or platform-matched groups (n=6). In addition, 18 unconnected samples served as controls. The specimens were subjected to accelerated corrosion by static immersion in 1% lactic acid for 1 week. The amount of metal ions ion of each test tube was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and energy dispersive spectroscopy X-ray analyses were performed pre- and post-immersion to assess corrosion at the interface. The platform-matched groups demonstrated higher ion release for vanadium, aluminium, cobalt, chrome, and molybdenum compared with the platform-switched groups (P<0.05). Titanium was the highest element to be released regardless of abutment size or connection (P<0.05). SEM images showed pitting corrosion prominent on the outer borders of the implant and abutment platform surfaces. In conclusion, implant–abutment couples underwent an active corrosion process resulting in metal ions release into the surrounding environment. The highest amount of metal ions released was recorded for the platform-matched groups, suggesting that platform-switching concept has a positive effect in reducing the levels of metal ion release from the implant–abutment couples.

Metal Ion Release after Hip and Knee Arthroplasty – Causes, Biological Effects and Diagnostics

“…It must be taken into account that passivation films are also subject to a certain amount of constant depletion and build-up and are not always completely impermeable [7]. This means that corrosion of titanium alloys containing vanadium (V) and aluminium (Al), such as the most common titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, will also release ions of these elements [8].…”

Reduction of Tribocorrosion Products When Using the Platform-Switching Concept

“…Significant differences in the concentration of metal ions released from platform-matched and platform-switched implant-abutment couples have been documented in the present study. Based on the analysis of orthopaedic literature regarding the role of implant tribocorrosion products in peri-prosthetic osteolysis, and the earlier, and ongoing, work of the same research group (Alrabeah et al 2016, Alrabeah et al 2017, the authors believe that platform-switching concept has a positive effect in the reduction of tribocorrosion products and therefore suggest that such reduction would lead to less inflammatory cell response, which in turn would lead to less marginal bone loss through different cell metabolic pathways that are still not fully understood.…”

“…Ti is corrosion-resistant under controlled environments and in the absence of load (Gittens et al 2011). In the hostile oral environment, Ti and other metals used as abutment materials are prone to corrosion (Wennerberg et al 2004;Alrabeah et al, 2016). Corrosion of dental implants and implants' superstructures may occur as a result of mechanical or electrochemical processes (Gittens et al 2011).…”

The features of interaction between dental implants and organism tissues and the modern methods of creation of antibacterial covering on implant surfaces

“…Уже после 1го дня воздей ствия дозозависимо повышается экспрессия интер лейкинов (6 и 8), циклооксигеназы2 и RANKL 1 . Таким образом, ионы металлов и другие продукты коррозии могут являться одной из причин резорбции костной ткани вокруг зубных имплантатов [20].…”

“…При сканиру ющей электронной микроскопии была видна точеч ная коррозия по границе контакта металлов. Пары различных металлов по месту контакта имплантата с абатментом подвергаются активному ускоренному коррозионному процессу, приводящему к попада нию ионов металла в окружающую среду [20].…”