The effect of propolis extract and bovine bone graft combination on the number of osteoclast and osteoblast as an effort to preserve post-extraction socket (on Cavia cobaya)

Abstract

Background: Post-extraction alveolar bone height and width never reach the same dimensions as before extraction. A combination of propolis extracts and bovine bone graft (BBG) that are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, osteoinductive and osteconductive is expected to improve bone regeneration. Purpose: Knowing the effect of the combination of propolis extracts and BBG on the number of osteoclast and osteoblast as an effort to preserve the socket after extraction of Cavia cobaya teeth. Methods: 56 Cavia cobaya was divided into eight groups: the lower left incisor was extracted, and the socket was filled with 2% poly ethylene glycol (PEG), propolis extract+PEG, BBG+PEG, and a combination of propolis extract+BBG+PEG. The incisors socket of animals models were executed on the 14th and 30th days. Using HE for histopathological examination, the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts were counted with a 400x magnification light microscope with nine visual fields. The data were analysed via one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The highest mean number of osteoclasts occurred in the BBG+PEG 14th day group and the lowest occurred in the propolis extract+BBG+PEG 14th day group. The highest mean number of osteoblasts occurred in the propolis + BBG + PEG combination 30th day group, the lowest occurred in the control group (PEG) on the 14th day. Conclusion: The 2% combination of propolis extracts and BBG effectively reduces the osteoclast number and increases the osteoblast number in preserving the socket after extracting Cavia cobaya teeth.

Increased Expression of RUNX2 and ALP Resulting from a Combination of Propolis Extract and Bovine Bone Graft in Socket Preservation Material

“…These results were in accordance with previous study by Nizar, Kresnoadi and Soekobagiono (2020). Their study was to analyzed the number of osteoblast and osteoclast after 14 and 30 days.…”

Ethanol extract of propolis-bovine bone graft combination as a prospective candidate for socket preservation: Enhancing BMP7 and decreasing NFATc1

“…In previous studies, it was found that the propolis extract combined with BBG demonstrated an increase in the number of osteoblasts and fibroblast cells and a decrease in the number of osteoclasts ( Kresnoadi et al, 2020b , Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 ) in the extraction socket on days 3, 7, 14 and 30 with an effective dose of 2% ( Prabowo et al, 2020 ). This increase occurred according to the duration of the application of combination materials to the socket .…”

“…The increase in RUNX2 is expected to occur through the large number of osteoblast cells formed in the extraction socket after administration of a combination of propolis and BBG ( Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 ). This statement shows that propolis and BBG have osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties which constitute a requirement for bone graft material in order to support bone regeneration and accelerate wound healing.…”

“…For the combination of EEP-BBG, the gelling agent weighing 24 g was mixed with 0.5 g of the EEP group and 0.5gm of the BBG group in order to obtain 2% active ingredient. All of these percentages were obtained from the previous study that indicated the optimum healing process result ( Kresnoadi et al, 2020b , Lunardhi et al, 2019 , Nizar et al, 2020 , Prabowo et al, 2020 ).…”

Application of Combination Propolis Extract and Calcium Hydroxide as a Direct Pulp Capping Agent on MMP-1 Expression and Collagen Type 1 Density in Rat’s Pulp Tissue

“…Flavonoid components such as kaempferol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, quercetin, vanillic acid and others (7). Flavonoid has many functions such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, antifungal, anti-viral and anti-cancer properties, as well as the ability to accelerate wound healing (8). Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), an active ingredient found in over 50% of propolis, has biological and pharmacological properties as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator.…”