The effect of propylene glycol on the optical properties of iridescent porous anodic alumina films

Zhang, Shiyuan; Xu, Qin; Wang, Zhijun; Ren, Yi; Yan, Ruijuan; Ma, Wei; Zhu, Jiliang

doi:10.1007/s10934-017-0531-x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An anodization electrolyte, an ethanol-based (99.8% pure POCH Basic, Gliwice, Poland) solution with different contents of DI water (2, 3.5, 5, or 10 vol%) and 0.3 M of ammonium fluoride NH4F (Sigma Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) was utilized. The one-step anodization process was performed at various voltages (30,40,50, and 60 V) at a constant temperature of 20 • C for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the focus on colored anodic titanium oxide, colored anodic aluminum oxide was investigated. For example, colored AAO was successfully fabricated by anodization of Al in oxalic acid [37], phosphoric acid [38][39][40], sulfuric acid [41], mixed organic acidic electrolyte (citric mixed with malic acid, with the addition of propylene glycol) [42], etidronic acid [43], and/or alkaline electrolyte (KOH, Na 4 P 2 O 7 •10H 2 O, and Na 2 SiO 3 ) [44]. It was shown that the structural color of oxide depends on anodizing conditions, especially the electrolyte type [38,42], the applied voltage or current density [43,44], and the anodizing time [38,39], all of which are strongly related to oxide thickness and nanopore diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al produced colored AAO in 0.6 M phosphoric acid modified by propylene glycol at 100 V and at −5 • C, demonstrating that a red-shift appears in the reflection spectrum of produced AAO samples when anodization time increases [40]. In addition, they demonstrated that the Au-coated AAO films displayed highly saturated colors when compared with uncoated samples [40]. Liu et al fabricated colored AAO by Al anodization conducted in 0.3 M sulfuric acid at 3 • C in the voltage range of 10-25 V [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Optical Characterization of Colored Nanotubular Anodic Titanium Oxide Made in an Ethanol-Based Electrolyte

et al. 2021

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In this paper, the possibility of color controlling anodic titanium oxide by changing anodizing conditions of titanium in an ethanol-based electrolyte is demonstrated. Colored anodic titanium oxide was fabricated in an ethanol-based electrolyte containing 0.3 M ammonium fluoride and various amounts of deionized water (2, 3.5, 5, or 10 vol%), at voltages that varied from 30 to 60 V and at a constant anodization temperature of 20 °C. Morphological characterization of oxide layers was established with the use of a scanning electron microscope. Optical characterization was determined by measuring diffusion reflectance and calculating theoretical colors. The resulting anodic oxides in all tested conditions had nanotubular morphology and a thickness of up to hundreds of nanometers. For electrolytes with 3.5, 5, and 10 vol% water content, the anodic oxide layer thickness increased with the applied potential increase. The anodic titanium oxide nanotube diameters and the oxide thickness of samples produced in an electrolyte with 2 vol% water content were independent of applied voltage and remained constant within the error range of all tested potentials. Moreover, the color of anodic titanium oxide produced in an electrolyte with 2 vol% of water was blue and was independent from applied voltage, while the color of samples from other electrolyte compositions changed with applied voltage. For samples produced in selected conditions, iridescence was observed. It was proposed that the observed structural color of anodic titanium oxide results from the synergy effect of nanotube diameter and oxide thickness.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Optical Characterization of Colored Nanotubular Anodic Titanium Oxide Made in an Ethanol-Based Electrolyte

et al. 2021

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“…Since the 1950s, thousands of AAO-related papers have been published in international journals, covering a wide range of applications. These include nanomaterial synthesis [7,[29][30][31][32], electrical humidity sensors [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], optical sensors [47][48][49][50][51][52][53], photonic and electronic devices [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], photocatalysis [65][66][67], bio-applications [68][69][70], and other fields [71][72][73], as highlighted in Figure 1. A noteworthy contribution to AAO-based nanomaterial synthesis is the work proposed by Masuda et al [74...…”

Section: Overview Of Nanoporous Aao and Its Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Fabrication of Nanoporous Anodic Aluminum Oxide and Its Applications to Sensors: A Review

Ku,

Yu,

Hung

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is an important template for 1D nanomaterial synthesis. It is used as an etching template for nanopattern transfer in a variety of contexts, including nanostructured material synthesis, electrical sensors, optical sensors, photonic and electronic devices, photocatalysis, and hardness and anticorrosion improvement. In this review, we focus on various fabrication methods, pore geometry modification, and recent advances of AAO, as well as sensor applications linked to our environment, daily life, and safety. Pore geometry is concerned with the material composition, applied voltage mold, electrolyte type, temperature, and anodizing time during the fabrication of AAOs and for adjusting their pore size and profile. The applied voltage can be divided into four types: direct current anodization (DCA), reverse pulse anodization, pulse anodization (PA), and hybrid pulse anodization (HPA). Conventional AAOs are fabricated using DCA and mild anodization (MA) at a relatively low temperature (−5~15 °C) to reduce the Joule heating effect. Moreover, the issues of costly high-purity aluminum and a long processing time can be improved using HPA to diminish the Joule heating effect at relatively high temperatures of 20–30 °C with cheap low-purity (≤99%) aluminum. The AAO-based sensors discussed here are primarily divided into electrical sensors and optical sensors; the performance of both sensors is affected by the sensing material and pore geometry. The electrical sensor is usually used for humidity or gas measurement applications and has a thin metal film on the surface as an electrode. On the contrary, the AAO optical sensor is a well-known sensor for detecting various substances with four kinds of mechanisms: interference, photoluminescence, surface plasma resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Especially for SERS mechanisms, AAO can be used either as a solid support for coating metal nanoparticles or a template for depositing the metal content through the nanopores to form the nanodots or nanowires for detecting substances. High-performance sensors will play a crucial role in our living environments and promote our quality of life in the future.

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Preparation and characterization of anodic alumina films with high-saturation structural colors in a mixed organic electrolyte

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Surface and Coatings Technology

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The effect of propylene glycol on the optical properties of iridescent porous anodic alumina films

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Morphological and Optical Characterization of Colored Nanotubular Anodic Titanium Oxide Made in an Ethanol-Based Electrolyte

Morphological and Optical Characterization of Colored Nanotubular Anodic Titanium Oxide Made in an Ethanol-Based Electrolyte

Advances in the Fabrication of Nanoporous Anodic Aluminum Oxide and Its Applications to Sensors: A Review

Preparation and characterization of anodic alumina films with high-saturation structural colors in a mixed organic electrolyte

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