The effect of regular or reduced‐fat distillers grains with solubles on rumen methanogenesis and the rumen bacterial community

Abstract

Aims: The effect of feeding dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) or reduced-fat DDGS (RFDG) on ruminal methanogenesis and the rumen bacterial community of dairy cattle was evaluated. Methods and Results: Treatments were CONT, a diet with no distillers grains; DG, inclusion of 20% DDGS; rfDG, inclusion of 20% RFDG; and MIX, inclusion of 10% DDGS and 10% RFDG. Methane emission was measured; rumen bacterial community was evaluated by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Total methane production remained unaffected. However, feeding distillers grains tended to reduce methanogenesis per unit of feed intake, decreased the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and tended to increase Firmicutes. The abundance of Prevotellaceae positively correlated with feed intake; methane emission was positively correlated with the abundance of Prevotellaceae and was negatively correlated with the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae. Conclusions: DDGS or RFDG may reduce methanogenesis per unit of feed intake; shifts in the abundance of predominant ruminal bacterial families may influence methane formation, likely because of their role on hydrogen liberation and utilization pathways. Significance and Impact of the Study: Replacing corn and soybean meal with DDGS or RFDG in dairy rations may reduce the proportion of dietary energy wasted as methane, without detrimental effects on the overall bacterial population.

Effect of partially replacing a barley-based concentrate with flaxseed-based products on the rumen bacterial population of lactating Holstein dairy cows

“…) or Illumina (Castillo‐Lopez et al . ), the use of ion torrent may have some limitations due to sequencing errors (Frey et al . ; Salipante et al .…”

“…; Chaucheyras‐Durand and Ossa ; Castillo‐Lopez et al . ). For example, high‐throughput DNA sequencing provides new insights into the broad bacterial population of the rumen (Callaway et al .…”

“…Consequently, the impact of dietary unsaturated fatty acids, feed extrusion and tannins on the broad bacterial population remains poorly understood in vivo. This research gap can now be addressed using molecular techniques in combination with bioinformatics, which have enabled researchers to evaluate the impact of diets on bacterial community structure (Krause et al 2013;Chaucheyras-Durand and Ossa 2014;Castillo-Lopez et al 2017). For example, high-throughput DNA sequencing provides new insights into the broad bacterial population of the rumen (Callaway et al 2010;Aldai et al 2012;Castillo-Lopez et al 2014).…”

Factors affecting the ruminal microbial composition and methods to determine microbial protein yield. Review

“…This technique has been applied in a variety of research topics related to ruminant nutrition. For example, new insights have been achieved on shifts in the ruminal bacterial population due to change in diet composition (21) , change in ruminal pH (37) , biohydrogenating bacteria (14,78) , the role of bacteria on milk fat composition (79) , and archaea involved in methane formation (22,80) . In addition, DNA sequencing can improve our understanding on factors affecting the estimation of microbial protein and its flow to the small intestine.…”

Evaluación de métodos nutricionales para reactivar inóculo ruminal preservado analizado a través de cinética de fermentación y digestibilidad de forrajes in vitro

“…It is interesting to note the different patterns (gas production at different time points) among the fermentation curves, which suggests that different microbial populations may be acting on the substrates at each fermentation time point. Further research should aim at investigating shifts in the structure of the microbial community (48,49) using techniques such as high-throughput DNA sequencing (50,51,52) , which allows a broad evaluation of the profile microbial community from highest to lowest taxonomic levels.…”