The Effect of Specific Energy Density on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of CoCrMo Alloy Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition

Li, Jinbao; Ren, Huijiao; Liu, Changsheng; Shang, Shuo

doi:10.3390/ma12081321

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although both the prepared 3D-printed alloy and the purchased cast alloy satisfied the chemical composition given by the ASTM F75 standard, we analyzed a low amount of C in the 3D-printed material compared to the cast material. Some works in which C was present [33,50,52] reported the presence of carbide precipitates in the intercellular network instead of Mo segregation on dislocation walls or σ precipitates that we observed.…”

Section: Initial Microstructurementioning

confidence: 42%

Different Response of Cast and 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Mo Alloy to Heat Treatment: A Thorough Microstructure Characterization

Roudnická

Bigas

Molnárová

et al. 2021

Metals

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The Co-Cr-Mo alloy is a biomaterial with very good corrosion resistance and wear resistance; thus, it is widely applied for knee replacements. The wear resistance is influenced by the amount of hcp phase and morphology of carbidic precipitates, which can both be altered by heat treatment. This study compares a conventional knee replacement manufactured by investment casting with a material prepared by the progressive technology of 3D printing. The first set of results shows a different response of both materials in increasing hardness with annealing at increasing temperatures up to the transformation temperature. Based on these results, solution treatment and subsequent aging at conditions to reach the maximum hardness was applied. Microstructural changes were studied thoroughly by means of optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. While increased hardness in the conventional material is caused by the precipitation of fine hard carbides combined with an increase in the hcp phase by isothermal transformation, a massive fcc → hcp transformation is the main cause for the hardness increase in the 3D-printed material.

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Section: Initial Microstructurementioning

confidence: 42%

Different Response of Cast and 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Mo Alloy to Heat Treatment: A Thorough Microstructure Characterization

Roudnická

Bigas

Molnárová

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…67 During the LPBF AM process, the XZ plane is (re)heated more than the XY plane. 68 The XY plane, being more rapidly cooled, therefore, may show less ε-phase, while the XZ plane is more similar to wrought CoCrMo. This behavior is more pronounced on the surface; a previous study on polished and unpolished LPBF-XY samples showed no ε-phase for the unpolished (and more rapidly cooled) surface than the polished surface underneath.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that the γ-phase is not thermodynamically stable and can be transformed into the ε-phase during cooling . During the LPBF AM process, the XZ plane is (re)heated more than the XY plane . The XY plane, being more rapidly cooled, therefore, may show less ε-phase, while the XZ plane is more similar to wrought CoCrMo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Proteins and Building Direction on the Corrosion and Tribocorrosion of CoCrMo Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Atapour,

Standish,

Henderson

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are common wear-exposed biomedical alloys and are manufactured in multiple ways, increasingly using additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Here, we investigate the effect of proteins and the manufacturing process (wrought vs LPBF) and building orientation (LPBF-XY and XZ) on the corrosion, metal release, tribocorrosion, and surface oxide composition by means of electrochemical, mechanical, microscopic, diffractive, and spectroscopic methods. The study was conducted at pH 7.3 in 5 g/L NaCl and 5 mM 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer, which was found to be necessary to avoid metal phosphate and metal–protein aggregate precipitation. The effect of 10 g/L bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 2.5 g/L fibrinogen (Fbn) was studied. BSA and Fbn strongly enhanced the release of Co, Cr, and Mo and slightly enhanced the corrosion (still in the passive domain) for all CoCrMo alloys and most for LPBF-XZ, followed by LPBF-XY and the wrought CoCrMo. BSA and Fbn, most pronounced when combined, significantly decreased the coefficient of friction due to lubrication, the wear track width and severity of the wear mechanism, and the tribocorrosion for all alloys, with no clear effect of the manufacturing type. The wear track area was significantly more oxidized than the area outside of the wear track. In the reference solution without proteins, a strong Mo oxidation in the wear track surface oxide was indicative of a pH decrease and cell separation of the anodic and cathodic areas. This effect was absent in the presence of the proteins.

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“…To enhance the lifespan of the existing valves, we employed LPBF technology to deposit a 5 mm thick CoCrMo layer onto the base of an IN625 (Inconel625) valve core. This will significantly enhance their durability and performance in corrosive environments [10][11][12]. Therefore, this technology represents a significant advancement in safeguarding the integrity of petrochemical processes and reducing the economic risks associated with corrosion-related failures [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Analysis between Inconel 625 and Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Fabricated by Powder Bed Fusion Using Pulsed Wave Laser

Yao,

Ramesh,

Fan

et al. 2023

Materials

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A few components used in the aerospace and petrochemical industries serve in corrosive environments at high temperatures. Corrosion-resistant metals or unique processes, such as coating and fusion welding, are required to improve the performance of the parts. We have used laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology to deposit a 5 mm thick corrosion-resistant CoCrMo layer on a high-strength IN625 substrate to improve the corrosion resistance of the core parts of a valve. This study found that when the laser volumetric energy density (EV) ≤ 20, the tensile strength increases linearly with the increase in EV, and the slope of the curve is approximately 85°. The larger the slope, the greater the impact of EV on the intensity. When EV > 20, the sample strength reaches the maximum tensile strength. When the EV increases from 0 to 20, the fracture position of the sample shifts from CoCrMo to IN625. When EV ≤ 38, the strain increases linearly with the increase in EV, and the slope of the curve is approximately 67.5°. The sample strain rate reaches the maximum when EV > 38. Therefore, for an optimal sample strength and strain, EV should be greater than 38. This study provides theoretical and technical support for the manufacturing of corrosion-resistant dissimilar metal parts using LPBF technology.

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The Effect of Specific Energy Density on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of CoCrMo Alloy Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Different Response of Cast and 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Mo Alloy to Heat Treatment: A Thorough Microstructure Characterization

Different Response of Cast and 3D-Printed Co-Cr-Mo Alloy to Heat Treatment: A Thorough Microstructure Characterization

Influence of Proteins and Building Direction on the Corrosion and Tribocorrosion of CoCrMo Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Interface Analysis between Inconel 625 and Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Fabricated by Powder Bed Fusion Using Pulsed Wave Laser

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