The effect of spherical refractive error on tear volume

Almajeed, Reem Hassan Abd; Elawad, Mohammed Elhassan Ali

doi:10.4103/bijo.bijo_14_18

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Previous studies have suggested the association between RE and dry eye, based on other methods for the detection of dry eye symptoms [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 35 ]. For example, the prevalence of dry eye symptoms among subjects with hyperopia ( N = 45; 22.0 ± 2.4 years) was 26.6% based on Schirmer’s test, compared with only 1.1% for myopic subjects ( N = 45; 22.6 ± 3.3 years) [ 6 ]. There was no significant difference ( p = 0.413) between the mean tear volume among hyperopic (13.2 ± 5.0 mm) and myopic subjects (18.4 ± 4.3 mm) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the prevalence of dry eye symptoms among subjects with hyperopia ( N = 45; 22.0 ± 2.4 years) was 26.6% based on Schirmer’s test, compared with only 1.1% for myopic subjects ( N = 45; 22.6 ± 3.3 years) [ 6 ]. There was no significant difference ( p = 0.413) between the mean tear volume among hyperopic (13.2 ± 5.0 mm) and myopic subjects (18.4 ± 4.3 mm) [ 6 ]. Subjects with hyperopia ( N = 48) and myopia ( N = 31) have a shorter TBUT (9.4 and 9.7 s, respectively) compared with normal eye subjects [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, factors contributing to RE should be better understood and causative factors addressed. The association between dry eye and RE has also been investigated [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter

et al. 2022

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Dry eye symptoms are associated with refractive errors. We aimed to measure the tear evaporation rate (TER) in subjects with refractive errors (RE) using a portable evaporimeter. This nonrandomized, case–control, and observational study included 75 subjects, including 25 subjects aged 18–38 years (28.8 ± 6.8 years) with myopia (−0.75 to −3.75 D) and 25 subjects aged 18–39 years (27.7 ± 5.5 years) with hyperopia (+0.50 to +3.75 D). In addition, a control group of 25 subjects with emmetropic eyes aged 20–30 years (23.6 ± 2.6 years) was recruited. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was completed, followed by the TER measurements using a portable evaporimeter. The OSDI score and TER measurements showed dry eye symptoms in 36% and 48% of myopic subjects, respectively. For hyperopic participants, dry eye was observed in 24% and 56% of the subjects based on the OSDI and TER scores, respectively. Significant differences (Mann-Whitney U test; p < 0.001) were found among the OSDI and TER scores recorded within the study (myopic and hyperopic subjects) and control groups. Significant strong positive correlations were detected between the OSDI and TER scores in both myopic (p = 0.004; r = 0.559) and hyperopic (p = 0.001; r = 0.619) subjects. The TER scores were significantly higher in subjects with RE (myopic and hyperopic) as compared with individuals with normal eyes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter

et al. 2022

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“…Myopic teenagers (12.3 ± 11.9 years) have a high dry eye prevalence based on the OSDI, corneal fluorescein, and NITBUT scores [ 51 ]. The tear volume measured in young adults using Schirmer test (18–28 years; N = 90) indicated that dry eye was prevalent in hypermetropic (26.6%) and myopic (1.1%) subjects [ 31 ]. However, the average scores for tear volume in both hypermetropic (13.2 ± 5.0 mm) and myopic (18.4 ± 4.3 mm) subjects were at the normal level [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Tear Ferning Patterns in Young Female Subjects with Refractive Errors

Alanazi

El‐Hiti

Al-Madani

et al. 2021

Journal of Ophthalmology

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To evaluate the dry eye symptoms and ocular tear film in young female subjects with refractive errors (RE) using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), phenol red thread (PRT) and tear ferning (TF) tests. Methods. A group of 50 young female subjects (mean ± standard division = 20.3 ± 1.1 years) with RE (−0.25 to −6.00D) completed the study. An age-matched control group consisting of 50 healthy normal eye female subjects (22.2 ± 1.5 years) was recruited for comparison. The OSDI was completed first, followed by PRT and TF tests. Results. Median OSDI and TF scores were significantly higher (Mann–Whitney test; P < 0.001 ) among the study group subjects [median (interquartile range (IQR)) = 13.5 (15.3) and 1.6 (1.3), respectively] compared to the control group [6.0 (4.0) and 0.9 (0.8), respectively], whereas the median PRT score was significantly lower (Mann–Whitney test; P = 0.003 ) in the study group [(27.5 (6.3) mm] compared to the control group [29.5 (5.0) mm]. For subjects within the mild RE group (N = 30), significant differences (Mann–Whitney test, P < 0.001 to 0.005) were found between the median OSDI, PRT, and TF scores and those recorded within the control group. For the subjects with moderate RE (N = 20), significant differences (Mann–Whitney test, P < 0.001 to 0.002) were found between the median OSDI and TF scores, and those recorded within the control group. Conclusion. The presence of RE in young females has a negative effect on tear film in terms of dry eye symptoms, tear volume, and TF grades. Dry eye symptoms experienced by subjects with RE and the TF grades were significantly higher compared with the control group. In addition, the tear volume was significantly lower in the study group. Clearly, RE has a risk factor for dry eye.

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The effect of spherical refractive error on tear volume

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter

Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter

Analysis of Tear Ferning Patterns in Young Female Subjects with Refractive Errors

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