The Effect of Students' Participation in Extracurricular Activities on Academic Achievement According to PISA-2015

Abstract

Extracurricular activities are those that fall outside the formal curriculum, performed by students. Literature offers extracurricular activity as one of the factors affecting academic achievement. This study aims to determine the effects of students' participation in extracurricular activities on their academic achievements by using PISA-2015 data. Secondary data were used for analysis. The population of the study consists of the data of 519334 students evaluated in PISA-2015. No samples are set as determined population is completely accessible. A four-step secondary data analysis guide was used in the analysis of data. Independent samples t-test was used to analyze the data. The results have proved that the average mathematics, reading skills and science scores of students who participated in extracurricular activities are lower than those who did not participated in extracurricular activities. There is a statistically significant difference between the means in favor of students who did not participated in extracurricular activities. Another remarkable finding of the study is that the effect of participation in extracurricular activities on successful and unsuccessful students varies. The average mathematics, reading skills and science scores of the successful students who participated in extracurricular activities are higher than successful students who did not participated in extracurricular activities. In the case of unsuccessful students, the opposite situation exists. The average mathematics, reading skills and science scores of the unsuccessful students who participated in extracurricular activities are lower than unsuccessful students who did not participated in extracurricular activities. In this study, it is concluded that extracurricular activities may have negative effects on academic performance of unsuccessful students. Findings are in line with the literature and further recommendations were given in the study.

Program Dışı Etkinliklerin Öğrenci Gelişimine Etkisi

“…Söz edilen olumlu sonuçların aksini iddia eden ve öğrencilerin PDE'ye ayırdıkları zamanın fazlalığı ve zaman yönetimi konusunda yaşadıkları problemler sonucu ortaya çıkan kaygı nedeniyle özellikle akademik başarılarını olumsuz etkilediği sonucunun (Pros vd., 2015;Özkan, 2020) ortaya çıktığı göz ardı edilmemelidir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında PDE'de geçirilen sürenin belli bir noktaya kadar akademik başarıya olumlu olarak yansıdığı fakat bu noktadan sonra geçirilen sürenin akademik başarı ile ters orantılı bir şekilde olumsuz bir etki yarattığı görülmektedir.…”

“…PDE'de geçirilen süre ile akademik başarı arasındaki ilişki bu anlamda normal dağılım eğrisi olarak tabir ettiğimiz biçimde ifade edilebilir. İlgili literatürdeki bilgiler ışığında buu ilişkiyi aşağıdaki grafikte gibi gösterebiliriz (Alnaeem, 2021;Annu ve Sunita, 2015;Chan, 2016;Fredricks, 2012;Jamal, 2012;Lunenburg, 2010;MacKenzie vd., 2022;Mcneal, 1999;Moriana vd., 2006;Massoni, 2011;Özkan, 2020;Pham vd., 2021;Pros vd., 2015;Pinto ve Ramalheira, 2017;Sıddıky, 2019;Simoncini ve Caltabiono, 2012;Stearns ve Glennie, 2010;Sun, 2022;Toyokawa ve Toyokawa, 2002):…”