The effect of surface grinding and sandblasting on flexural strength and reliability of Y-TZP zirconia ceramic

Kosmač, Tomaž; Oblak, Čedomir; Jevnikar, Peter; Funduk, Nenad; Marion, Ljubo

doi:10.1016/s0109-5641(99)00070-6

Cited by 706 publications

(689 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, data concerning the strength of zirconia after surface conditioning protocols specifically using abrasives are limited (Kosmac et al, 1999(Kosmac et al, , 2000Zhang et al, 2004Zhang et al, , 2005Zhang et al, , 2006. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of deposition of different particle types on the mechanical properties and structure of zirconia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties enabled zirconia to be milled through CAD/CAM procedures. Toughness of zirconia is related to capacity of tolerating damage and phase transformation where the tetragonal phase is transformed into the monoclinic phase (Kosmac et al, 1999;Guazzato et al, 2005). During this transformation, the energy absorbed by the zirconia matrix in the vicinity of the propagating crack is consumed by the tetragonal (t) grains to transform into a monoclinic (m) symmetry that is accompanied by ~ 3-4% volume expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this transformation, the energy absorbed by the zirconia matrix in the vicinity of the propagating crack is consumed by the tetragonal (t) grains to transform into a monoclinic (m) symmetry that is accompanied by ~ 3-4% volume expansion. This volume expansion hinders crack propagation by means of compressive stress (Kosmac et al, 1999;Guazzato et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has been shown that under cycling loading in a wet medium, the crack propagation velocity increases (De Aza et al, 2002;Zhou et al, 2007;Huang et al, 2008). There have been some concerns regarding the application of air-abrasion protocols on the long-term behaviour of zirconia (Kosmac et al, 1999(Kosmac et al, , 2000Zhang et al, 2004Zhang et al, , 2005Zhang et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, abrasive particles vary in morphology and it can be anticipated that their impact on the zirconia surface may vary as a function of their morphology and other deposition parameters. Previous studies concentrated mainly on the effect of most commonly used Al 2 O 3 particles (Kosmac et al, 1999(Kosmac et al, , 2000Zhang et al, 2004Zhang et al, , 2005Zhang et al, , 2006 but to the authors` best knowledge, it is not known whether small size silica coated particles with more favorable morphology may result in less transformation into a monoclinic phase or not. Since surface conditioning of cementation surfaces of zirconia FDPs is a common practice in dentistry, the maintenance of mechanical properties of zirconia after these procedures is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading

Özcan

Melo

Souza

et al. 2013

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

105

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This study evaluated the effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading. Disc-shaped zirconia specimens (Ø: 15mm, thickness: 1.2mm) (N=32) were submitted to one of the air-particle abrasion protocols (n=8 per group): (a) 50 m Al2O3 particles, (b) 110 m Al2O3 particles coated with silica (Rocatec Plus), (c) 30 m Al2O3 particles coated with silica (CoJet Sand) for 20s at 2.8bar pressure. Control group received no air-abrasion. All specimens were initially cyclic loaded (×20,000, 50N, 1Hz) in water at 37°C and then subjected to biaxial flexural strength testing where the conditioned surface was under tension. Zirconia surfaces were characterized and roughness was measured with 3D surface profilometer. Phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic was determined by Raman spectroscopy. The relative amount of transformed monoclinic zirconia (FM) and transformed zone depth (TZD) were measured using XRD. The data (MPa) were analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey's tests and Weibull modulus (m) were calculated for each group (95% CI). The biaxial flexural strength (MPa) of CoJet treated group (1266.3±158(A)) was not significantly different than that of Rocatec Plus group (1179±216.4(A,B)) but was significantly higher than the other groups (Control: 942.3±74.6(C); 50 m Al2O3: 915.2±185.7(B,C)). Weibull modulus was higher for control (m=13.79) than those of other groups (m=4.95, m=5.64, m=9.13 for group a, b and c, respectively). Surface roughness (Ra) was the highest with 50 m Al2O3 (0.261 m) than those of other groups (0.15-0.195 m). After all air-abrasion protocols, FM increased (15.02%-19.25%) compared to control group (11.12%). TZD also showed increase after air-abrasion protocols (0.83-1.07 m) compared to control group (0.59 m). Air-abrasion protocols increased the roughness and monoclinic phase but in turn abrasion with 30 m Al2O3 particles coated with silica has increased the biaxial flexural strength of the tested zirconia. 942.3±74.6 C ; 50 µm Al 2 O 3 : 915.2±185.7 B,C ). Weibull modulus was higher for control (m=13.79) than those of other groups (m=4. 95, m=5.64, m=9.13 for group a, b and c, respectively). Surface roughness (R a ) was the highest with 50 µm Al 2 O 3 (0.261 µm) than those of other groups (0.15-0.195 µm). After all air-abrasion protocols, F M increased (15.02-19.25%) compared to control group (11.12%). TZD also showed increase after air-abrasion protocols (0.83-1.07 µm) compared to control group (0.59 µm). Air-abrasion protocols increased the roughness and monoclinic phase but in turn abrasion with 30 µm Al 2 O 3 particles coated with silica has increased the biaxial flexural strength of the tested zirconia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading

Özcan

Melo

Souza

et al. 2013

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

105

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Strength and reliability of surface treated Y-TZP dental ceramics

Kosmač

Oblak

Jevnikar

et al. 2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

341

203

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This work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of dental grinding and sandblasting on the biaxial flexural strength and Weibull modulus of various Y-TZP ceramics containing 3 mol% yttria. In addition, the susceptibility of pristine and mechanically treated materials to low-temperature degradation under the conditions adopted for testing the chemical solubility of dental ceramics was investigated. The results revealed that surface grinding and sandblasting exhibit a counteracting effect on the strength of Y-TZP ceramics. Dental grinding lowered the mean strength and Weibull modulus, whereas sandblasting provided a powerful method for strengthening, but at the expense of somewhat lower reliability. The finest-grained material exhibited the highest strength after sintering, but it was less damage tolerant than tougher, coarse-grained materials. Upon extraction with the acetic acid solution and the ammonia solution, a significant amount of tetragonal zirconia had transformed to monoclinic, but extensive microcracking and attendant strength degradation had not yet occurred. Standard grade Y-TZP ceramics are more resistant in an alkaline than in an acidic environment, and there was a strong grain-size dependence of the diffusion-controlled transformation. Since a special Y-TZP grade containing a small amount of alumina exhibited the highest damage tolerance and superior stability in an acidic environment, this material shows considerable promise for dental applications.

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Sintering Zirconia for Dental CAD/CAM Technology

Sujirote

Ngernbamrung

Dateraksa

et al. 2009

Ceramic Transactions Series

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Zirconia has been recently introduced in prosthetic dentistry for the fabrication of crowns and fixed partial dentures, in combination with CAD/CAM techniques. To understand the clinical performance, it is important to establish the fundamental relationships between the intrinsic microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties and the machining properties. In this study, a series of zirconia blanks with systematically controlled presintering stage were milled using a 4 axes CNC milling machine. The pre-sintering heating rate and temperature of the blanks affect in opposite manner hardness and machinability. Cutting condition, surface roughness, geometric accuracy and machining time were then optimized by varying cutting feed (mm/min), depth of cut (mm), and step offset (mm). Phase stability and mechanical properties of the products were re-assessed to understand the effect of machining damage.

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The effect of surface grinding and sandblasting on flexural strength and reliability of Y-TZP zirconia ceramic

Cited by 706 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading

Effect of air-particle abrasion protocols on the biaxial flexural strength, surface characteristics and phase transformation of zirconia after cyclic loading

Strength and reliability of surface treated Y-TZP dental ceramics

Sintering Zirconia for Dental CAD/CAM Technology

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