The effect of the quality and size of host aphid species on the biological characteristics of Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

Sampaio, Marcus Vinícius; Bueno, Vanda Helena Paes; Conti, Bruno Freitas De

doi:10.14411/eje.2008.063

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the banker plant system, we found that female barley and store parasitoids were smaller than female pepper parasitoids. Size is often positively correlated with parasitoid fitness, as with host searching efficiency (Visser, ), flight distance (Eijs & Van Alphen, ), and egg number (Sampaio et al , ). Therefore we believe larger parasitoids have higher fitness than smaller ones, and that this behaviour is consistent with optimal foraging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal foraging by an aphid parasitoid affects the outcome of apparent competition

Prado

Frank

2014

Ecological Entomology

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1. Apparent competition is an indirect, negative interaction occurring between two or more host species, mediated by a shared parasitoid. Host species' population growth rates, parasitoid attack rates, and parasitoid population size can mediate the outcomes of apparent competition. It has also been suggested that optimal foraging by a natural enemy can influence the outcome of apparent competition, resulting in increased suppression of the optimal host.2. While this has been shown in theory, to date no studies have empirically tested the link between parasitoid optimal foraging behaviour and the outcome of apparent competition.3. The present study examined how optimal foraging behaviour influences the outcome of apparent competition in an aphid banker plant system. First, Aphidius colemani Viereck's preference for Myzus persicae Sulzer or Rhopalosiphum padi L., the non-pest host on the banker plant, was examined, and then the difference in M. persicae suppression in the presence and absence of R. padi was assessed.4. It was found that optimal foraging behaviour led female A. colemani to prefer M. persicae over R. padi , due to increased offspring survival and female size. Consequently, optimally foraging A. colemani parasitised significantly more M. persicae in the presence of both aphid hosts than in the presence of M. persicae alone.5. Understanding the interaction between optimal foraging and apparent competition has important implications for biological control of arthropod pests and could help to predict the outcome of biological control programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal foraging by an aphid parasitoid affects the outcome of apparent competition

Prado

Frank

2014

Ecological Entomology

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“…Newly emerged females of each parasitoid species had been paired into a 2.5×8 cm glass tube and fed a single droplet of honey and a droplet of water daily [126]. As the percent parasitism is similar between aphid instars [127], the present studies were conducted on mixed instars, which were exposed to parasitoids (five replicates per treatment in two blocks).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Root Herbivory Interact to Alter the Response of Above-Ground Parasitoids to Aphid Infested Plants and Associated Plant Volatile Signals

et al. 2013

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Multitrophic interactions are likely to be altered by climate change but there is little empirical evidence relating the responses of herbivores and parasitoids to abiotic factors. Here we investigated the effects of drought on an above/below-ground system comprising a generalist and a specialist aphid species (foliar herbivores), their parasitoids, and a dipteran species (root herbivore).We tested the hypotheses that: (1) high levels of drought stress and below-ground herbivory interact to reduce the performance of parasitoids developing in aphids; (2) drought stress and root herbivory change the profile of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted by the host plant; (3) parasitoids avoid ovipositing in aphids feeding on plants under drought stress and root herbivory. We examined the effect of drought, with and without root herbivory, on the olfactory response of parasitoids (preference), plant volatile emissions, parasitism success (performance), and the effect of drought on root herbivory. Under drought, percentage parasitism of aphids was reduced by about 40–55% compared with well watered plants. There was a significant interaction between drought and root herbivory on the efficacy of the two parasitoid species, drought stress partially reversing the negative effect of root herbivory on percent parasitism. In the absence of drought, root herbivory significantly reduced the performance (e.g. fecundity) of both parasitoid species developing in foliar herbivores. Plant emissions of VOCs were reduced by drought and root herbivores, and in olfactometer experiments parasitoids preferred the odour from well-watered plants compared with other treatments. The present work demonstrates that drought stress can change the outcome of interactions between herbivores feeding above- and below-ground and their parasitoids, mediated by changes in the chemical signals from plants to parasitoids. This provides a new insight into how the structure of terrestrial communities may be affected by drought.

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“…Em sua maioria, os parasitóides avaliam o tamanho do hospedeiro como um indicador de qualidade (Sequeira & Mackauer 1992 (Sequeira & Mackauer 1992, 1994, Sampaio et al 2008. Dessa maneira, embora os dois hospedeiros de maior tamanho tenham apresentado maior qualidade que A. kondoi, não foi encontrada uma relação linear entre a qualidade e o tamanho do hospedeiro para A. ervi.…”

Section: Parâmetros Biológicosunclassified

Qualidade de diferentes espécies de pulgões como hospedeiros do parasitóide Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

Sidney¹,

Bueno²,

Lins³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The suitability of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) and Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as hosts for the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday was evaluated by assessing host size, host preference, and host quality. Tests were carried out in an environmental chamber at 22 ± 1 o C, 70 ± 10% RH and 12h photophase. Replicates (11) consisted of one 24h-old mated female of A. ervi without a previous oviposition experience. Female was released into a Petri dish (5 cm) with 20 2 nd and 3 rd instars of one of each aphid species tested on a leaf disc of the host plant onto a 1% water-agar layer. Parasitoid emergency was lower in A. kondoi (78.7%) compared to M. euphorbiae (92.2%) and A. solani (91.7%). Acyrthosiphon kondoi (0.36 mm) was the smallest host. The parasitoid showed preference (74.0% parasitism) for M. euphorbiae, the largest host (hind tibia length = 0.73 mm), which in turn yielded larger A. ervi females (0.75 mm).

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The effect of the quality and size of host aphid species on the biological characteristics of Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

Cited by 51 publications

References 27 publications

Optimal foraging by an aphid parasitoid affects the outcome of apparent competition

Optimal foraging by an aphid parasitoid affects the outcome of apparent competition

Drought and Root Herbivory Interact to Alter the Response of Above-Ground Parasitoids to Aphid Infested Plants and Associated Plant Volatile Signals

Qualidade de diferentes espécies de pulgões como hospedeiros do parasitóide Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

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