The effect of treadmill exercise on inflammatory responses in rat model of streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer’s type

Abstract

[Purpose]The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on inflammatory response in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced animal model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).[Methods]To induce the animal model of AD, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection with 1.5 mg/kg of STZ. Rats were divided into three groups as Sham-con group (n = 7), STZ-con group (n = 7) and STZ-exe group (n = 7). Exercise group ran on the treadmill for 30 min/day, 5 days/week during 6 weeks.[Results]The results of this study were as follows: First, STZ-exe group was improved on cognitive function when compared to STZ-con group in water maze test. Second, STZ-exe group help reduce the expression level of amyloid-beta (Aβ). In addition, Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR4), Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) level of STZ-exe group was significantly decreased when compared to STZ-con group.[Conclusion]These results show that treadmill exercise had positive effect on cognitive function and reduced inflammatory response in STZ-induced animal model of AD.

Treadmill Exercise Exerts Neuroprotection and Regulates Microglial Polarization and Oxidative Stress in a Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Intracerebroventricular injection of STZ produces a series of pathological effects that resembles the features of sporadic AD, and thus has been widely employed as a non-transgenic model of preclinical investigation for AD treatment [41, 55, 56]. Using the STZ model of sporadic AD, the present study provided evidence that treadmill exercise yields significant hippocampal neuroprotection and cognitive preservation following ICV STZ injection.…”

“…The animals were then sacrificed under deep anesthesia 51 days after STZ injection, and the brains were collected for immunofluorescent staining, western blot, and biochemical analyses. Bilateral ICV injection of STZ was carried out according to a previous study [41]. Briefly, STZ powder (Cayman Chemical Company) was dissolved in 0.9% sterile saline, and diluted to a concentration of 30 μg/μl.…”

Aerobic but not Resistance Exercise Can Induce Inflammatory Pathways via Toll-Like 2 and 4: a Systematic Review

“…Inflammation involves complex interactions at the molecular and cellular levels that can arise in any vascular tissue as a result of traumatic, infectious, post-ischemic, toxic, or autoimmune injuries [ 6 ]. Toll-like receptors play a role in many of these conditions; they are known to make significant contributions to obesity [ 7 , 8 ], type 2 diabetes [ 9 ], non-alcoholic steatosis [ 10 ], cardiovascular disease [ 11 , 12 ], cerebral ischemia [ 13 , 14 ], Alzheimer’s disease [ 15 ], rheumatoid arthritis [ 16 ], and other diseases. This review examined recent work that suggests they also help modulate the effects of different levels of physical activity on states of health and disease.…”

Effect of treadmill exercise on skeletal muscle autophagy in rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet

“…There was no difference in soleus muscle weight between the groups. In addition, we tried to apply moderate-intensity exercise as suggested by Kim et al (2003) 24 and Jee et al (2008) 25 , but exercise was not performed normally because the HF-SED group was overweight. Therefore, inevitably, low-intensity exercise was performed.…”

“…Pre-adaptation training (30 min/day, 8 m/min, 5 days/week) was performed on a rodent treadmill (8 Lanes, Daemyung Scientific Co.) by rats given a high-fat diet. The exercise intensity was modified based on the program proposed by Kim et al 24 and Choi et al 25 , and was performed for 10 weeks according to the exercise performance ability of rats with induced obesity. Exercise training was performed at moderate intensity, because the experimental animals were overweight and aging.…”