The Effectiveness of Preemptive Analgesia Varies According to the Type of Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

Epidural analgesia and perioperative kidney function after major liver resection

“…Most studies suggest that EDA has a beneficial impact on cardiovascular and respiratory complications after surgery, but not all types of surgery may benefit from EDA equally. EDA carries the risk of specific complications such as epidural haematoma, hypotension and infections.…”

Epidural oxycodone or morphine following gynaecological surgery

“…Patient satisfaction and VAS pain scores on coughing were similar. It is well known that the effects of opioids differ with age, sex, 13 preanaesthetic medication, 14 anesthetic agent used, surgical site, 15 duration of surgery, and other factors, such as metabolism. 16 These factors were comparable for the three groups of patients.…”

Effect of preincisional ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block on postoperative analgesic requirement in day‐surgery patients undergoing herniorrhaphy under spinal anaesthesia

“…Due to the surgical trauma, nociceptive impulses start to enter the central nervous system as soon as the block wears off and, therefore, at least in theory, central sensitisation cannot be prevented (19). Not only the duration of the impulse‐blocking analgesic action but also the type of surgery (trauma) may play a role in the appearance of clinical analgesia (20).…”