The effects of acute social isolation on long-term social recognition memory

Leser, Noam; Wagner, Shlomo

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2015.07.002

Cited by 67 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…We also found that chronic FLU treatment exerted discriminatory effects on BDNF expression in the hippocampus, the frontal cortex and the amygdala in different sexes. SIT and PSTs are well-documented methods for inducing depression-like syndrome, and PTSD, respectively, in rodents [24,25]. In our study female rats displayed greater anxiety responses than male rats in both stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Social isolation and predator scent tests alter brain BDNF levels differentially according to gender, in rats and effects of fluoxetine

Aykaç¹,

Öncül²,

Onur³

2018

mpj

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We compared different stress conditions on brain BDNF levels, in rats exposed to social isolation test (SIT) and predator scent tests (PST). BDNF expression in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala was compared, and effects of chronic fluoxetine (FLU) treatment were evaluated. Rats were exposed to SIT and PST for one month. FLU was given (5 mg/kg/day, ip) throughout stress procedures. Controls, stress, and treatment groups were evaluated in elevated plus maze, anxiety scores were calculated. BDNF expression was determined by Western blot. SIT and PST induced anxiety in both sexes, females had greater anxiety scores than males (p<0.05). FLU restored anxiety scores in both sexes (p<0.01) in both tests. Male and female rats exhibited reduced cortical BDNF levels in SIT (p<0.001). PST reduced cortical BDNF in females, but increased in males. Hippocampal BDNF expression was lowered in SIT (p<0.01) and PST (p<0.001) in both sexes. Female rats had 40% lower BDNF expression than males in the amygdala in SIT. FLU did not restore cortical BDNF in females in both tests, but reduced increased BDNF levels in males in PST (p<0.001). FLU did not restore reduced brain BDNF in males in the hippocampus and amygdala, but restored in hippocampus, in females. Our findings indicate that sex differences must be considered in studies related to mood disorders of animal models, and suggest that BDNF expression in different brain regions are altered differentially in a gender-dependent manner in rats. Antianxiety effect of FLU is not mediated through increasing BDNF activity in cortex in both genders. Increased BDNF in hippocampus and amygdala may reflect antidepressant effect of FLU in female rats, but not in males.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Social isolation and predator scent tests alter brain BDNF levels differentially according to gender, in rats and effects of fluoxetine

Aykaç¹,

Öncül²,

Onur³

2018

mpj

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“…Acute isolation has also been demonstrated to disrupt social recognition memory . Rodents possess an innate tendency to investigate novel rather than familiar social stimuli and typically reduce their investigation of a familiar conspecific on repeated exposure .…”

Section: Homeostatic Response To Social Deficit: Engaging Social Motimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis

Matthews

Tye

2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

154

101

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Social connections are vital to survival throughout the animal kingdom and are dynamic across the life span. There are debilitating consequences of social isolation and loneliness, and social support is increasingly a primary consideration in health care, disease prevention, and recovery. Considering social connection as an “innate need,” it is hypothesized that evolutionarily conserved neural systems underlie the maintenance of social connections: alerting the individual to their absence and coordinating effector mechanisms to restore social contact. This is reminiscent of a homeostatic system designed to maintain social connection. Here, we explore the identity of neural systems regulating “social homeostasis.” We review findings from rodent studies evaluating the rapid response to social deficit (in the form of acute social isolation) and propose that parallel, overlapping circuits are engaged to adapt to the vulnerabilities of isolation and restore social connection. By considering the neural systems regulating other homeostatic needs, such as energy and fluid balance, we discuss the potential attributes of social homeostatic circuitry. We reason that uncovering the identity of these circuits/mechanisms will facilitate our understanding of how loneliness perpetuates long‐term disease states, which we speculate may result from sustained recruitment of social homeostatic circuits.

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“…One emerging field that has been the focus of our research is to understand the effects of SI on a specific type of episodic memory named social recognition memory 23,34 . One week of SI is deleterious for the longterm maintenance of social memory in mice [35][36][37] , although did not affect other hippocampus-dependent memories 36 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-neurogenic effect of fluoxetine in the olfactory bulb is concomitant to improvements in social memory and depressive-like behavior of socially isolated mice

Medeiros

et al. 2020

Transl Psychiatry

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Although loneliness is a human experience, it can be estimated in laboratory animals deprived from physical contact with conspecifics. Rodents under social isolation (SI) tend to develop emotional distress and cognitive impairment. However, it is still to be determined whether those conditions present a common neural mechanism. Here, we conducted a series of behavioral, morphological, and neurochemical analyses in adult mice that underwent to 1 week of SI. We observed that SI mice display a depressive-like state that can be prevented by enriched environment, and the antidepressants fluoxetine (FLX) and desipramine (DES). Interestingly, chronic administration of FLX, but not DES, was able to counteract the deleterious effect of SI on social memory. We also analyzed cell proliferation, neurogenesis, and astrogenesis after the treatment with antidepressants. Our results showed that the olfactory bulb (OB) was the neurogenic niche with the highest increase in neurogenesis after the treatment with FLX. Considering that after FLX treatment social memory was rescued and depressive-like behavior decreased, we propose neurogenesis in the OB as a possible mechanism to unify the FLX ability to counteract the deleterious effect of SI.

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The effects of acute social isolation on long-term social recognition memory

Cited by 67 publications

References 79 publications

Social isolation and predator scent tests alter brain BDNF levels differentially according to gender, in rats and effects of fluoxetine

Social isolation and predator scent tests alter brain BDNF levels differentially according to gender, in rats and effects of fluoxetine

Neural mechanisms of social homeostasis

Pro-neurogenic effect of fluoxetine in the olfactory bulb is concomitant to improvements in social memory and depressive-like behavior of socially isolated mice

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