The effects of dams in rivers on N and P export to the coastal waters in Indonesia in the future

Suwarno, Djoko; Löhr, Ansje; Kroeze, Carolien; Widianarko, Budi; Strokal, Maryna

doi:10.1016/j.swaqe.2014.11.005

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As a result, less nutrients are transported to coastal seas, potentially offsetting the increase in export due to human activities on land. This holds especially for particular forms of N and P (Suwarno et al 2014b).…”

Section: Editor: James Pittockmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal transport increasing amounts of nutrients from land to sea . Past trends in Sattar et al (2014) and Suwarno et al (2014b) suggest a net increase in nutrient export even with increased river damming. Sources of nutrients include fertilizers used in agriculture (De et al 2011;Subramanian 2008), urbanization and domestic sewage (Pote et al 2012), and aquaculture (Chua Thia et al 1989;Das et al 2004).…”

Section: Editor: James Pittockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sources of nutrients include fertilizers used in agriculture (De et al 2011;Subramanian 2008), urbanization and domestic sewage (Pote et al 2012), and aquaculture (Chua Thia et al 1989;Das et al 2004). Future changes in nutrient pollution are associated with population growth and urbanization (UNPD 2013;UNPD 2015), but also with changes in hydrology and damming Suwarno et al 2014b).…”

Section: Editor: James Pittockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We learn from this comparison that we may be missing sources of nutrients, including point sources from human and animal waste (e.g. Suwarno et al 2014a;Suwarno et al 2014b) and aquaculture (Liu et al 2009), although this may be a relatively small source for the Bay of Bengal (Sattar et al 2014), and atmospheric N deposition on sea (close to urban industrial areas). In order to partly address these shortcomings, we have chosen an internally consistent scenario analysis based on the Global Orchestration narrative.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Studies and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient retention on land can be improved with processbased modeling (Suwarno et al 2014b) and retention on sea by monitoring at the mouth of rivers and tributaries. However, both actions require systematic and extensive data collection and international cooperation.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Studies and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling sources of nutrients in rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal—a scenario analysis

et al. 2017

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We model future trends in river export of nutrients to the Bay of Bengal, and the sources of this pollution. We focus on total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved silica (DSi) inputs to the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BOB LME) in the years 2000, 2030, and 2050. In 2000, rivers exported 7.1 Tg N and 1.5 Tg P to the BOB LME. Three rivers (Ganges, Godavari, Irrawaddy) account for 75-80% of the total river export of N and P. For 2050, we calculate an increase in river export of N to 8.6 Tg, while P export stabilizes at the 2000 level. Future trends are the net effect of increasing river export of dissolved N (by 40%) and P (by 80%), and decreasing river export of particulate N and P. The increases in dissolved N and P loads are associated primarily with increased N and P losses from agriculture and sewage systems. The decreasing export of particulate N and P is associated with damming of rivers and increased human water consumption. There are large differences in nutrient export among rivers. Rivers draining into the western BOB LME generally export more N and P than eastern BOB LME rivers. Most N and P in western BOB LME rivers are from anthropogenic sources. Future increases in dissolved inorganic N and P (DIN and DIP) export can be large for individual rivers: up to more than a factor of five for DIP and more than a doubling for DIN. The calculated nutrient export ratios (N and P relative to DSi) indicate an increasing risk for blooms of non-siliceous algal species, which can potentially produce toxins and otherwise disrupt coastal ecosystems. Our results indicate that basin-specific management may be the most effective approach towards reducing the risk of coastal eutrophication in the BOB LME.

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Section: Editor: James Pittockmentioning

confidence: 92%