The effects of hormone replacement therapy in normal postmenopausal women: Measurements of Doppler-derived parameters of aortic flow

Pines, Amos; Fisman, Enrique Z.; Levo, Y; Averbuch, Mordechai; Lidor, Arie; Drory, Yaacov; Finkelstein, Ariel; Hetman-Peri, Miriam; Moshkowitz, Menachem; Ben-Ari, Efraim; Ayalon, Daniel

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90520-2

Cited by 178 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, FDPM measurements may be sensitive to subtle HRT effects, including elevations in blood flow, fibroglandular volume, and epithelial cell proliferation (35)(36)(37)(38). The general decrease in total Hb concentration with age after 50 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive functional optical spectroscopy of human breast tissue

Shah

Cerussi

Eker

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

278

187

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Near infrared diffuse optical spectroscopy and diffuse optical imaging are promising methods that eventually may enhance or replace existing technologies for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. These techniques are based on highly sensitive, quantitative measurements of optical and functional contrast between healthy and diseased tissue. In this study, we examine whether changes in breast physiology caused by exogenous hormones, aging, and fluctuations during the menstrual cycle result in significant alterations in breast tissue optical contrast. A noninvasive quantitative diffuse optical spectroscopy technique, frequencydomain photon migration, was used. Measurements were performed on 14 volunteer subjects by using a hand-held probe. Intrinsic tissue absorption and reduced scattering parameters were calculated from frequency-domain photon migration data. Wavelength-dependent absorption (at 674, 803, 849, and 956 nm) was used to determine tissue concentration of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin, tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and bulk water content. Results show significant and dramatic differences in optical properties between menopausal states. Average premenopausal intrinsic tissue absorption and reduced scattering values at each wavelength are 2.5-to 3-fold higher and 16 -28% greater, respectively, than absorption and scattering for postmenopausal subjects. Absorption and scattering properties for women using hormone replacement therapy are intermediate between premenopausal and postmenopausal populations. Physiological properties show differences in mean total hemoglobin (7.0 M, 11.8 M, and 19.2 M) and water concentration relative to pure water (10.9%, 15.3%, and 27.3%) for postmenopausal, hormone replacement therapy, and premenopausal subjects, respectively. Because of their unique, quantitative information content, diffuse optical methods may play an important role in breast diagnostics and improving our understanding of breast disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive functional optical spectroscopy of human breast tissue

Shah

Cerussi

Eker

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

278

187

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show abstract

“…Green et al [12] noted that HRT was associated with higher peak cardiac index and that it lowered a-v-O # (diff) and total peripheral resistance without any differences in BV between replacement and control groups. Oestrogens may enhance contractility (peak flow velocity, mean acceleration, ejection time) by up-regulating muscarinic and α-adrenergic cardiac receptors or a digoxin-like effect rather than via a preloading stimulus [26].…”

Section: Moderate Increases In V} O #Maxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term aerobic training and circulatory function in women: age and hormone-replacement therapy

et al. 2003

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The physiological basis of training responses in women, and particularly older women, is not well understood. Short-term aerobic training (STAT) was used to probe the effects of age and hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) on women's ability to rapidly change peak uptake ( VO(2max)), plasma volume and cardiac function. A total of 39 females participated in the STAT programme: 15 younger (Y; aged 19-29 years), 12 postmenopausal women undergoing HRT and 12 non-medicating postmenopausal (PM) women (aged 60-75 years). Training consisted of ten sessions of cycling over a 2-week period, which progressed in duration from 20 to 60 min and in intensity from 60-75% of maximum heart rate. Plasma volume (PV; as determined by Evan's Blue dye dilution), VO(2max) (cycle ergometry) and cardiac function (radionuclide ventriculography) were analysed using analysis of covariance or repeated measures ANOVA. All groups demonstrated similar increase in VO(2max) (Y, 13%; PM, 17%; HRT, 13%), but without a significant change in left-ventricular ejection fraction and diastolic function or volumes during supine exercise. PV expansion was observed among the Y group (7%; P <0.05) but not the PM group (2%; P >0.05) or women undergoing HRT (1%; P >0.05). Age and hormone-replacement status did not affect the magnitude of VO(2max) change. This study suggests that STAT improves VO(2max), independent of central adaptations.

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“…Postmenopausal oestrogen therapy results in acceleration of blood flow in the aorta,43 reduced peripheral vascular resistance,44 and a significant increase in the pulsatility index in the carotid arteries 45…”

Section: Effects Of Oestrogen Deficiency (See Box 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The menopause and its treatment in perspective

Al‐Azzawi

2001

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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The effects of hormone replacement therapy in normal postmenopausal women: Measurements of Doppler-derived parameters of aortic flow

Cited by 178 publications

References 16 publications

Noninvasive functional optical spectroscopy of human breast tissue

Noninvasive functional optical spectroscopy of human breast tissue

Short-term aerobic training and circulatory function in women: age and hormone-replacement therapy

The menopause and its treatment in perspective

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