The Effects of Microwave Heating on the Isothermal Kinetics of Chemicals Reactions and Physicochemical Processes

Adnadjević, Borivoj; Jovanović, Jelena

doi:10.5772/14032

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This study showed that the microwave irradiation-assisted method is more rapid and effective, when combined with the conventional method of pretreatment. The combination of the inverted heat transfer, the inhomogeneities of the microwave field within the sample (dielectric heating), and the selective absorption of the radiation by polar compounds collectively improve processes, modify selectivity, or even perform reactions that do not occur under conventional heating (Adnadjevic and Jovanovic 2011). This could be probable reason for the better yield and improved reaction kinetics in short span of time.…”

Section: Microwave Irradiation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Marine shell industrial wastes–an abundant source of chitin and its derivatives: constituents, pretreatment, fermentation, and pleiotropic applications-a revisit

Suryawanshi

Jujjavarapu

Seenivasan

2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Unscientific dumping of shellfishery waste is a major environmental concern worldwide and a serious threat to the coastal area. The shell wastes constitute of many commercially valuable products, such as, chitin, calcium carbonate, proteins, and carotenoids. Processing of shell wastes is a source of wealth. Chitin is one of the constituents of the shell wastes and also the most abundant biopolymer next to the cellulose. Calcium carbonate and proteins are the other valuable constituents of the shell wastes and can serve as a better animal feed supplement. Extraction of chitin and other valuable products from a complex mixture is cumbersome and requires consecutive pretreatment processes. Both chemical and fermentation routes of pretreatment strategies have been adopted to extract the chitin from the shell wastes, which are critically reviewed with their merits and demerits. The application of process intensification techniques, such as ultrasonication and microwave radiation, is also emphasized along with the recent advancement in the field of pretreatment processes. Pleiotropic industrial applications of chitin and its analogues are also discussed. KeywordsChitin • Crustacean shell waste • Chemical and biological pretreatment methods •

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Section: Microwave Irradiation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Marine shell industrial wastes–an abundant source of chitin and its derivatives: constituents, pretreatment, fermentation, and pleiotropic applications-a revisit

Suryawanshi

Jujjavarapu

Seenivasan

2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Proposed rationale, analysis and conclusions on kinetics-enhancements in IMACS are fully supported by relevant process-kinetics data obtained from various types of microwave-assisted syntheses: (1) inorganic syntheses-copper oxide reduction, 18,44 carbon oxidation, 45 (2) organic syntheses-fullerol formation, 46 quaternary ammonium salt synthesis, 47 polyamid acid synthesis, 48 and (3) polymeric syntheses-carvone isomerization, 49 acrylic acid crosslinking/polymerization, 50 epoxy resin curing, 51 and solution imidization. 52…”

Section: Commentary On Imacs Kinetics-enhancementsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the field of microwave‐augmented chemistry, rate‐enhancements of isothermal chemical (inorganic, organic, or polymeric) syntheses conducted under resonant microwave (RM) irradiation versus their counterpart processes activated by conventional (field‐free) heating have been widely recognized. Typical kinetic data obtained from syntheses under both conventional field‐free heating and RMF heating conditions are tabulated and compared in Table 1 18,44–52 . Evidently, kinetics‐enhancements of chemical reactions conducted under…”

Section: Characterizing the Kinetics Of Imacs Using The Degenerate Upkementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical kinetic data obtained from syntheses under both conventional field-free heating and RMF heating conditions are tabulated and compared in Table 1. 18,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Evidently, kinetics-enhancements of chemical reactions conducted under RMF heating were attributed to a significant reduction in activation enthalpy, AE, of each individual process. Nonetheless, the pre-exponential frequency coefficients, R K RM , of all syntheses conducted under RMF heating were also reported to be, at various extents, lower than their counterparts, R K o , the pre-exponential frequency coefficients obtained under conventional field-free heating.…”

Section: Characterizing the Kinetics Of Imacs Using The Degenerate Upkementioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying a unified process kinetic equation to advanced materials process analysis: Characterization of the kinetics of isothermal microwave‐assisted chemical syntheses

Wong¹

2022

Engineering Reports

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Rate-enhancement of any isothermal, isobaric chemical synthesis conducted under resonant microwave (RM) irradiation versus the same process activated by conventional field-free heating has been attributed to a reduction in activation enthalpy of the process. This report applies a unified process kinetic equation (UPKE) to demonstrate and characterize non-thermal microwave effects (NTME) on kinetics-enhancements observed in isothermal microwave-assisted chemical syntheses (IMACS). The UPKE, derived from a mesoscopic irreversible thermodynamic model, pinpoints that the rate of any high-affinity chemical reaction is effectively independent of the affinity of the process as described by the mass-action rate law. Energetically, activation enthalpy reduction observed in IMACS is considered the major NTME, which causes dominant process-rate enhancements. This NTME results from RM-induced enthalpy variation during the reaction: RM energy-input first promotes the molar enthalpy of the irradiated reactant(s) at temperature, which consequently motivates an activation enthalpy reduction for rate-enhancement. Conversely, frequency coefficient lowering is another common NTME occurring in IMACS, causing an adverse yet compensable setback to process-kinetics as predicted by the UPKE. Applicability of the UPKE-proposed rationale and methodology for IMACS kinetic characterization is fully confirmed by relevant data in the literature.

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“…7 The microwave heating process emerges via the dipolar polarization mechanism. 8 Microwaves are the wavelengths in the range of 1 mm to 1 m and frequencies of 0.3 to 300 GHz. Microwave irradiation can be used in the synthesis of organic and inorganic compounds, * Correspondence: moroydor@yildiz.edu.tr polymers, biochemical, radioisotopes, etc.…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration behavior and kinetics of kurnakovite under microwave irradiation

Şenberber¹,

Yıldırım²,

Özdoğan³

et al. 2017

Turk J Chem

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Abstract:In this research, the dehydration behavior of kurnakovite was studied under microwave irradiation. The kinetic parameters of the dehydration reaction were determined using different kinetic models. Kurnakovite was characterized by the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the dehydration process. According to the results, kurnakovite was identified as a compound with the powder diffraction file (pdf) number 00-024-0700 before the dehydration process and after the dehydration process amorphous formations were observed. Moreover, FT-IR results showed that dehydration was completed successfully because of the disappearance in the band values of structural water. The dehydration process was ended at 25, 20, and 15 min for the power levels of 360, 600, and 800 W, respectively. Among the models, the two-term exponential model best fits the drying experimental data. For the activation energy calculation, the Page model best fits the experimental data and was found as 9.92 W × g −1 .

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The Effects of Microwave Heating on the Isothermal Kinetics of Chemicals Reactions and Physicochemical Processes

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Marine shell industrial wastes–an abundant source of chitin and its derivatives: constituents, pretreatment, fermentation, and pleiotropic applications-a revisit

Marine shell industrial wastes–an abundant source of chitin and its derivatives: constituents, pretreatment, fermentation, and pleiotropic applications-a revisit

Applying a unified process kinetic equation to advanced materials process analysis: Characterization of the kinetics of isothermal microwave‐assisted chemical syntheses

Dehydration behavior and kinetics of kurnakovite under microwave irradiation

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