The effects of structural properties on the lithium storage behavior of mesoporous TiO₂

Abstract

Understanding the effects of structural properties on the lithium storage behavior of mesoporous TiO is crucial for further optimizing its performance through rational structure design. To achieve this, herein, the surface area and the grain size of the prepared mesoporous TiO are intentionally adjusted by controlling the calcination temperatures. It is found that the capacities of the mesoporous TiO contain both the lithium-ion insertion into the bulk phase (Q ) and the additional surface lithium storage (Q). The Q gradually increases with grain sizes to a steady level and then slightly drops. By contrast, the Q is directly proportional to the specific surface area of the mesoporous TiO and is ascribed to the capacity originated from the lithium-ion insertion into the surface layer. The experimental comparison and analysis demonstrate that the fast kinetics of the Q ensure both the better rate performance and capacity retention of mesoporous TiO than bulk ones. Specially, the mesoporous TiO calcinated at 350 °C shows the highest reversible specific capacity of 250.2 mA h g, the best rate capability (132.5 mA h g at 2C) and good cycling stability. Our findings shed great light on the design of high-performance nanostructured TiO with surface lithium storage.

Efficient Flexible All-Solid Supercapacitors with Direct Sputter-Grown Needle-Like Mn/MnOx@Graphite-Foil Electrodes and PPC-Embedded Ionic Electrolytes

“…However, these devices are generally too stiff and bulky to combine into flexible electronics. Moreover, the performances of batteries (Li-ion) are too limited to meet the requirements of harvested energy storage due to their short cycle-life (few hundreds), reaction kinetic, slow rate of mass diffusion and great safety issues [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Hence, the development of low-cost, high performance, flexible supercapacitor offers one of the best solutions to address the above problems.…”