The effects of the lower ignition propensity cigarettes standard in Estonia: time-series analysis

Saar, Indrek

doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042187

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Globally, several studies have indicated the positive impact of RFR cigarettes regulation on reducing cigarette-caused residential fires [9,11,34,35], and some studies concluded that implementation of fire-safe cigarettes is associated with reductions in residential fire mortality rates [10] and burns prevention [36]. On the other hand, some studies reported negative health impacts of RFR cigarettes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, in many countries including Australia, reduced fire risk (RFR) cigarettes also known as fire safe cigarettes (FSC), lower ignition propensity (LIP) and reduced ignition propensity standard designs, were introduced to reduce the risk of smoking-related fires [9][10][11]. In 2010, Australia mandated that all cigarettes sold and imported meet the RFR regulation of 2008 and be self-extinguished [see Figure 1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They attributed the reduction in cigarette-related fires to fewer smokers, upholstery fabric regulations and mandatory smoke alarms, suggesting it is too early to judge if RFR cigarettes are contributing to this significant decline. Some researchers have studied the RFR cigarettes regulation [2,7,10,11,[15][16][17] In 2012, Fire and Rescue NSW found that in FRNSW areas, the average number of cigarette-related fires reduced from 121 to 57 each month since the introduction of reduced fire risk cigarettes. They also found that there has been a dramatic 53% drop in the number of cigarette-related fires from 1490 in 1988 to 716 in 2011 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They attributed the reduction in cigarette-related fires to fewer smokers, upholstery fabric regulations and mandatory smoke alarms, suggesting it is too early to judge if RFR cigarettes are contributing to this significant decline. Some researchers have studied the RFR cigarettes regulation [2,7,10,11,[15][16][17] but to date, few studies have explored the impact of this regulation in terms of fire incidents and their health outcomes [10,11,18]. In Australia and NSW specifically, research has not been conducted on the impact of RFR cigarettes regulation on residential fire incidents and resulting injuries and deaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Reduced Fire Risk Cigarettes Regulation on Residential Fire Incidents, Mortality and Health Service Utilisation in New South Wales, Australia

Ghassempour

Tannous

Agho

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Smoking materials are a common ignition source for residential fires. In Australia, reduced fire risk (RFR) cigarettes regulation was implemented in 2010. However, the impact of this regulation on residential fires is unknown. This paper examines the impact of the RFR cigarettes regulation on the severity and health outcomes of fire incidents in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, from 2005 to 2014. Fire department data from 2005 to 2014 were linked with ambulance, emergency department, hospital, outpatient burns clinic and mortality datasets for NSW. Negative binomial regression analysis was performed to assess the changes to fire incidents’ severity pre- and post-RFR cigarettes regulation. There was an 8% reduction in total fire incidents caused by smokers’ materials post-RFR cigarettes regulation. Smokers’ materials fire incidents that damaged both contents and structure of the building, where fire flames extended beyond the room of fire origin, with over AUD 1000 monetary damage loss, decreased by 18, 22 and 12%, respectively. RFR cigarettes regulation as a fire risk mitigation has positively impacted the residential fire incident outcomes. This provides support for regulation of fire risk protective measures and bestows some direction for other fire safety policies and regulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They attributed the reduction in cigarette-related fires to fewer smokers, upholstery fabric regulations and mandatory smoke alarms, suggesting it is too early to judge if RFR cigarettes are contributing to this significant decline. Some researchers have studied the RFR cigarettes regulation [2,7,10,11,[15][16][17] but to date, few studies have explored the impact of this regulation in terms of fire incidents and their health outcomes [10,11,18]. In Australia and NSW specifically, research has not been conducted on the impact of RFR cigarettes regulation on residential fire incidents and resulting injuries and deaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Reduced Fire Risk Cigarettes Regulation on Residential Fire Incidents, Mortality and Health Service Utilisation in New South Wales, Australia

Ghassempour

Tannous

Agho

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention strategies

Taylor

Appleton

Keen

et al. 2019

Public Money & Management

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In this paper, we examine the process of assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention within a Fire and Rescue Service in North West England, and demonstrate how this was applied in practice. The approach to fire prevention strategy assessment included overall fire and rescue service performance, performance in relation to different population segments, cost per head performance, and multi-agency collaboration to support an effectiveness based rather than outcomes based performance assessment.

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Quantifying the social costs and benefits of tobacco in Estonia

Saar

Koitla

2020

Tob Control

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BackgroundThe tobacco cost literature has predominantly focused on estimating direct healthcare costs and productivity losses from morbidity and mortality. This study places a greater focus on the effects that arise through the fiscal system, illicit trade and fire accidents to estimate the social costs and benefits of tobacco use in Estonia in 2018.MethodsA prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was used, relying on data from the 2017–2018 period. Age-specific tobacco-attributable fractions were employed to estimate the costs and benefits of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Data on mortality, morbidity and healthcare costs were received from the National Institute of Health Development and the Estonian Health Insurance Fund. We used data for offences and fires from the Estonian Rescue Board and the Estonian Tax and Customs Board.ResultsIt was estimated that the total social cost attributable to tobacco in Estonia in 2018 was €174 million, representing 0.67% of the nation’s GDP. If future benefits are also considered, the net social cost is €78 million. While the greatest cost components are productivity losses from mortality and morbidity, the level of tobacco-related law enforcement costs are comparable to direct healthcare costs, both of which exceed €10 million annually.ConclusionsDespite the substantial social benefits arising through the fiscal system, tobacco-related costs outweighed these benefits in Estonia in 2018. In addition, a considerable portion of the economic burden of tobacco is associated with illicit trade. Therefore, the healthcare and law enforcement sectors would both benefit from effective tobacco control policies.

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The effects of the lower ignition propensity cigarettes standard in Estonia: time-series analysis

Abstract: This paper indicates that implementation of the LIP cigarettes standard has improved fire safety in Estonia.

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

The Impact of Reduced Fire Risk Cigarettes Regulation on Residential Fire Incidents, Mortality and Health Service Utilisation in New South Wales, Australia

The Impact of Reduced Fire Risk Cigarettes Regulation on Residential Fire Incidents, Mortality and Health Service Utilisation in New South Wales, Australia

Assessing the effectiveness of fire prevention strategies

Quantifying the social costs and benefits of tobacco in Estonia

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