The efficacy of different cleaning and disinfection procedures to reduce Salmonella and Enterobacteriaceae in the lairage environment of a pig abattoir

Walia, Kavita; Argüello, Héctor; Lynch, Helen; Grant, Jim; Leonard, Finola C.; Lawlor, Peadar G.; Gardiner, Gillian E.; Duffy, Geraldine

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.02.002

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The challenge of LA-MRSA reduction remains in the fact that LA-MRSA-negative animal populations have to be found or built up and the stable environment has to be prepared in a way that prevents the LA-MRSA acquisition of negative animals. The basis of the latter challenge already exists with the technology and working methods available in the pig-rearing farms [22,23]. The aim of the study was to show the possibility to create LA-MRSA-free compartments (stables) by C&D in a previously contaminated environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Blinded Study on the Feasibility of Decontaminating LA-MRSA in Pig Compartments under Routine Conditions

et al. 2020

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In countries with intensive pig husbandry in stables, the prevalence of livestock-associated (LA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on such farms has remained high in the last few years or has also further increased. Simple measures to reduce the LA-MRSA among pigs have not yet been successfully implemented. Earlier publications showed a decontamination of LA-MRSA was only possible with great effort. The aim of this study is to determine the suitability of routine cleaning and disinfection (C&D) for adequate LA-MRSA decontamination. For this purpose, at least 115 locations in a piglet-rearing compartment were examined before and after cleaning and disinfection. The sample locations were stratified according to accessibility for pigs and the difficulty of cleaning. The cleaning work was carried out routinely by farm employees, who were not informed about the sampling (single blinded). While before cleaning and disinfection, 85% of the samples from the surfaces were LA-MRSA positive, while only 2% were positive thereafter. All LA-MRSA-positive samples after cleaning and disinfection were outside the animal area. Air samples also showed no LA-MRSA after cleaning and disinfection. Conclusion: In well-managed livestock farms, decontamination of the LA-MRSA barn is quite possible; after C&D no LA-MRSA was detectable at animal height.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Blinded Study on the Feasibility of Decontaminating LA-MRSA in Pig Compartments under Routine Conditions

et al. 2020

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“…Higher concentrations of disinfectant or more effective disinfectants may be required to tackle this problem. Walia and colleagues found that a four‐step protocol involving the application of a detergent followed by a chlorocresol‐based disinfectant with a subsequent drying time of 24 hr was effective in eliminating Salmonella from lairage pens (Walia et al., ). However, further work and improved intervention strategies in this area are necessary to reduce the levels of Salmonella contamination present in the farrowing rooms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella in breeding pigs: Shedding pattern, transmission of infection and the role of environmental contamination in Irish commercial farrow‐to‐finish herds

Lynch

Walia

Leonard

et al. 2017

Zoonoses and Public Health

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SummaryThis study aimed to provide new insights into the epidemiology of Salmonella in pig production, focusing on potential shedding patterns in breeding pigs throughout a full production cycle and the risk of transmission of infection from the sow to her offspring. A longitudinal study was conducted on five farrow-to-finish commercial pig farms. In each herd, shedding of Salmonella in faeces was monitored in breeders through service, gestation and lactation. Swabs of the farrowing room floor and pools of faeces from piglets were collected on two occasions during lactation. Environmental pen swabs were also taken in the weaning and finisher houses. Salmonella isolates were serotyped, tested for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and typed by Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA). Shedding by breeding pigs was low in all stages of the production cycle; 5% of sows shed at service, the production stage with highest risk of shedding (p < .01), 1.6% shed during gestation and 2.5% after farrowing. Salmonella was detected in 4% of piglet faecal pools in the second week postfarrowing and 5% in the fourth week. Serotyping and AMR profiles of Salmonella isolates revealed that strains in sows and gilts were mostly different from strains isolated in weaner and finisher facilities. MLVA typing confirmed that the source of infection in piglets was in most instances the contaminated environment rather than their dam. Based on the typing results, it appears that sows do not pose a major risk in the maintenance and transmission of Salmonella to their progeny but instead the contaminated pen environment is more significant in the perpetuation of the organism on farm. K E Y W O R D SBreeding sows, Environmental contamination, Pigs, Salmonella

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“…The quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are synthetic cationic detergents that have antimicrobial activity. This sanitizer is soluble in water, with low toxicity and efficient against Grampositive bacteria and thermoduric microorganisms, but poorly effective against Gram-negative bacteria, coliforms, and spores (WALIA et al, 2017). Disinfectant A (quaternary ammonium) used in this study, has polyethylene glycol ether in its composition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Heidelberg resistant to ceftiofur and disinfectants routinely used in poultry

Stefani

Neves

Brisola

et al. 2018

SCA

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Bacteria of the genus Salmonella may infect humans and domestic animals, causing a serious public health problem worldwide. Nowadays, Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (SH) is among the top three serovars isolated from people with salmonellosis and it is present in the poultry production chain. Moreover, it seems to be more invasive than other serotypes that cause enteritis. The overall status of the antimicrobial resistant of Brazilian strains of SH is still unknow. The bacterium may use similar mechanisms of resistance to antibotics, as well as disinfectants such as the efflux system and enzymatic degradation of chemical compounds. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for ceftiofur of SH isolated from different materials of poultry origin, as well as to verify the relation between antibiotic resistance and disinfectant resistance. In addition, the screening efflux system was performed, using ethidium bromide to determine the presence of this mechanism of resistance. MIC results indicated high levels of SH resistance to ceftiofur, indicating the need for alternative drugs to treat salmonellosis. The concentration of ceftiofur needed to eliminate SH resistant isolates were 32 times higher than the therapeutic dose. Regarding disinfectants, most of the disinfectants tested were efficient to eliminate SH, however one isolate was resistant to glutaraldehyde-quaternary ammonia. All isolates were negatives in the screening efflux system, which suggest a different mechanism of resistance. It is possible to conclude that SH shows a real threat to poultry production, and caution should be taken when choosing the right antibiotic and disinfectant against this serovar.

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The efficacy of different cleaning and disinfection procedures to reduce Salmonella and Enterobacteriaceae in the lairage environment of a pig abattoir

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Single Blinded Study on the Feasibility of Decontaminating LA-MRSA in Pig Compartments under Routine Conditions

Single Blinded Study on the Feasibility of Decontaminating LA-MRSA in Pig Compartments under Routine Conditions

Salmonella in breeding pigs: Shedding pattern, transmission of infection and the role of environmental contamination in Irish commercial farrow‐to‐finish herds

Salmonella Heidelberg resistant to ceftiofur and disinfectants routinely used in poultry

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