The Eight Steps in Marx’s Dialectical Method

Ollman, Bertell

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190695545.013.3

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…While an extensive discussion of dialectics is well beyond the scope of this introduction, we present a brief overview that provides something of the flavor of a dialectical approach to reasoning and research at the core of the theory. For a full discussion of dialectics, we recommend a highly readable and insightful work by Ollman (2003).…”

Section: Overview Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As will become clear throughout our presentation and in some of the articles included in this special issue, it makes little sense to worry about dependent and independent variables. Each pole of an oppositional unity is capable of interpenetrating and modifying the opposing pole (see Ollman, 2003). Early on in his theoretical work, Vygotsky proposed word meaning as a unit of analysis for studying consciousness.…”

Section: Overview Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociocultural theory and classroom second language learning in the East Asian context: Introduction to the special issue

Poehner

2023

The Modern Language Journal

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In this introduction to the special issue, we first present a brief historical overview of sociocultural theory (SCT) as it has been extended to the process of second language (L2) development and instruction, beginning with two significant publications that appeared in 1994. In the early years, the theory was used as a lens to understand various aspects of learning and instruction. Eventually, it came to be used as a means of promoting the processes that it investigates. As we explain in this article, the shift in research orientation reflects Vygotsky's commitment to the unity of theory and research with practice. We then address a problem associated with the term “sociocultural,” which has been used since the inception of L2 research informed by the theory. This is followed by a presentation of the four central principles of the theory, which is contextualized within a discussion of dialectics, the foundational methodological approach adopted by Vygotsky in formulating the theory of higher psychological functioning. The principles each relate to the process through which naturally endowed instincts that govern mental and emotional behavior from birth are restructured as they interact with culturally developed forms of mediation, including—most importantly—language. Next, we present an overview of the special issue that includes a discussion of the important concepts that are brought to bear in instructed L2 development. These include the important distinction between everyday and scientific concepts and concept‐based instruction; the zone of proximal development and dynamic assessment; languaging, or the psychological use of speaking and writing in the developmental process; perezhivanie, the dialectical unity of emotion and cognition as related to development; and obuchenie, the instruction–development dialectic. These concepts, along with the theoretical principles, are employed in various ways in the seven articles included in the special issue. The articles are representative of the innovative SCT‐L2 research that is currently under way in East Asia, a region of the world that only recently has been attracted to the theory. While the research reported on in the special issue emerges from this particular area, the implications for other instructional contexts and for the theory itself are significant.

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Section: Overview Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociocultural theory and classroom second language learning in the East Asian context: Introduction to the special issue

Poehner

2023

The Modern Language Journal

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“…Enhanced considerations of state-capitalist scales and their relations to processes of uneven development may well require a renewed interest in dialectical-relational modes of thinking that mobilize various levels and modalities of abstraction (cf. Ollman, 2003), from theoretical elaboration to concrete exemplification and interrogation, although these will have to be infused and enriched with a scalar-relational sensitivity.…”

Section: Scaling the New State Capitalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making space for the new state capitalism, part II: Relationality, spatiotemporality and uneven development

et al. 2023

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The theme issue ‘Making Space for the New State Capitalism’ brings together insights from critical economic geography and heterodox political economy through a series of papers published in three installments, each accompanied by an introductory essay written by the guest editors. In this, the second of these introductory commentaries, we explore the consequences of embracing relationality, spatiotemporality and uneven development, together with the second group of papers. Introducing a final group of papers, the third installment will address the challenges and opportunities of thinking conjuncturally.

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“…Open Marxism begins from capital and labor's class antagonism but emphasizes the openness of categories and struggles "within and against capitalist relations" ( Gray and Clare, 2022: 14). Engaging also with Gramsci (1971) and Ollman (1971Ollman ( , 2003, these scholars stress core Marxist categories of dialectics, alienation, articulation, and historicalspatial conjunctures. Open Marxism is considered as being closer to Marx's understanding of the political and social nature of capitalism in the Grundrisse (Ekers et al, : 1581 in which he minimized the essentialist "violence" of abstraction by it always being subject to the material or concrete (Foster, 2018).…”

Section: Labor Geography's Epistemological and Ontological Journeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond engaged pluralism? The question of labor in labor geography

Rutherford

2023

Human Geography

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Labor geography is a vibrant, variegated subdiscipline, but there are also concerns over its lack of theoretical coherence. In this paper, I examine Open Marxist approaches that engage with post-structuralism and feminism based on Marx's concepts of abstract and concrete labor to frame a review of recent labor geography and related contributions on (a) social reproduction, difference, and class; (b) work, technology and precarity; and (c) labor's agency. I make three main arguments. First, while many conceptual tools for the analysis of social reproduction and difference exist within Marxism, because of their engagement with feminism and post-structuralism, these are being more fully developed. Second, Open Marxist contributions to this dialogue require greater emphasis upon the dialectical relationship between concrete, non-wage workers struggles against abstract labor and wage worker struggles of abstract labor within the totality of capitalism. Third, while important engagements are ongoing between Marxism, post-structuralism and feminism greater integration is neither needed nor desirable precisely because of Marxism's unique combination of conceptual coherence and open-endedness, which means that this interaction is a source of its theoretical development.

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The Eight Steps in Marx’s Dialectical Method

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Sociocultural theory and classroom second language learning in the East Asian context: Introduction to the special issue

Sociocultural theory and classroom second language learning in the East Asian context: Introduction to the special issue

Making space for the new state capitalism, part II: Relationality, spatiotemporality and uneven development

Beyond engaged pluralism? The question of labor in labor geography

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