“…Specifically, elements such as Sn, Pb, and Ge have been investigated as potential substitutes for Mn due to their ability to form the desired ternary compounds, including SnBi Te [ 18 , 19 ], PbBi Te [ 20 ], and GeBi Te [ 21 , 22 ], which possess crystal structures similar to MnBi Te . Experimental findings have revealed that the replacement of Mn with either Pb [ 23 ], Sn [ 24 , 25 ] or Ge [ 26 , 27 ] not only reduces the magnetic moments of the system, but also induces variation in the band structure due to the changes in orbital composition of valence and conduction bands.…”