The emerging epidemics in recent: mpox

Kang, Yu-Seon; Ahmad, Suhana

doi:10.54724/lc.2023.e3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…1,4 On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the worldwide monkeypox outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern. 4,5 MPXV is characterised by its unique genetic and phenotypic features. Two distinct genetic clades of MPXV have been identified, each with specific geographic and phenotypic variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cho,

Park,

Kim

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization declared the global mpox outbreak as a public health emergency of international significance. The mpox virus (MPXV) that caused the outbreak was classified as clade IIb, which belongs to the West African clade. However, the relationship between MPXV clades and symptoms, as well as the severity of mpox outcomes, is not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the global mpox prevalence and the differences in clinical manifestations and outcomes among patients with mpox between pre‐outbreak (2003–2021) and the current mpox outbreak. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Google Scholar were searched using the keyword “monkeypox” and “mpox” up to 13 October 2022. A random effects model was used to obtain the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. This study included 27 articles, and 5698 patients with mpox with 19 distinctive features from 19 countries across five continents were assessed. Patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak showed mild clinical manifestations and outcomes compared with those before the 2022 mpox outbreak: mild rash (relative ratio [RR]: 5.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52–17.08), fever (0.68, 0.49–0.94), pruritus (0.25, 0.19–0.32), myalgia (0.50, 0.31–0.81), headache (0.56, 0.35–0.88), skin ulcer (0.32, 0.17–0.59), abdominal symptom (0.29, 0.20–0.42), pharyngitis (0.32, 0.18–0.58), nausea or vomiting (0.15, 0.02–0.93), conjunctivitis (0.11, 0.03–0.38), concomitant infection with HIV (1.70, 0.95–3 0.04), and death (0.02, 0.001–0.31). MPXV clade IIb exhibited higher infectivity but may cause mild disease symptoms and low mortality rate. It is important to consider MPXV infection in patients with mpox‐related features and/or a history of sexual transmission to prevent the spread of the disease and recognise the current pandemic threat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cho,

Park,

Kim

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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National trends in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis prevalence in South Korea, 1998–2021

Park,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Studies on the trends in the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are limited, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of RA and OA in South Korean adults from 1998 to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic period. The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data on adults aged ≥ 19 years were analyzed to investigate the prevalence of RA and OA from 1998 to 2021. The prevalence trends were compared by the years, and βdiff (β difference) was calculated. Odds ratios (ORs) were computed for each disease to examine changes in disease prevalence before and during the pandemic in order to determine the impact of the pandemic on disease prevalence. Among 163,221 Korean adults, the prevalence of RA and OA showed a steady decrease from 2005 (RA: from 1.91% in 2005–2007 to 1.55% in 2016–2019 and OA: from 9.75% in 2005–2007 to 8.27% in 2016–2019), but there was a slight increased after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (RA: from 1.23% in 2020 to 1.36% in 2021 and OA: from 8.04% in 2020 to 8.27% in 2021). Vulnerable groups, including participants aged ≥ 60 years (versus 19–60 years, ratio of ORs: 1.222; 95% CI 1.011–1.477), urban residents (ratio of ORs: 1.289; 95% CI 1.007–1.650), and participants with higher education level (ratio of ORs: 1.360; 95% CI 1.119–1.653) showed higher ORs of OA, whereas no particularly vulnerable population was observed for RA. Our findings provide an insight into the long-term trends of RA and OA among adult population and highlight a novel perspective on the impact of COVID-19 on disease prevalence.

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Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics of mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kim

Kwon

Lee

et al. 2023

Journal of Travel Medicine

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Background Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics are critical factors for studying infectious diseases. However, evidence on the viral dynamics of mpox remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of viral load and viability of the re-emerged mpox virus since 2022. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar for published articles which are related to mpox viral dynamics up to April, 2023. Results From 19 studies, 880 samples and 1477 specimens were collected. The pooled median Ct values appeared in the following order: skin lesion (Ct value 21.7 [IQR 17.8–25.5]), anorectal (22.3 [16.9–27.6]), saliva (25.9 [22.5–31.1]), oral (29.0 [24.5–32.8]), semen (29.6 [25.9–33.4]), urine (30.5 [24.6–36.4]), pharyngeal (31.9 [26.5–37.3]), urethra (33.0 [28.0–35.0]), and blood (33.2 [30.4–36.1]). People living with HIV have lower Ct value in the skin (skin HIV+, 19.2 [18.3–20.0] versus skin HIV-, 25.4 [21.2–29.0]). From the Ct values and test day since symptom onset, we identified temporal trends of viral load for each specimen type. Changes in the trend were observed at 4 days in saliva, 5 days in blood, 6 days in skin, 7 days in anorectal, urine, semen, pharyngeal, and 8 days in urethra. We determined optimal Ct cutoff values for anorectal (34.0), saliva (27.7), and urethra (33.0) specimens, where a Ct value above each cutoff suggests minimal viral viability. Using these cutoff values, we derived the duration of viable viral isolation in each specific specimen type (anorectal 19 days; saliva 14 days; and urethra 14 days). Conclusion Skin lesion, anorectal, and saliva samples contained the highest viral load. The peak viral load manifests within 4–8 days after symptom onset, and viable virus detection was presumed to cease within 14–19 days from symptom onset in anorectal, saliva and urethra samples.

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The emerging epidemics in recent: mpox

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with mpox during the 2022 mpox outbreak compared with those before the outbreak: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

National trends in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis prevalence in South Korea, 1998–2021

Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics of mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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