The emotional bystander – sexting and image-based sexual abuse among young adults

Harder, Sidsel Kirstine

doi:10.1080/13676261.2020.1757631

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Empirical studies have repeatedly found associations between sexting, bullying and cyberbullying victimization (Ojeda, Del Rey, & Hunter, 2019;Van Ouytsel, Lu, Ponnet, Walrave, & Temple, 2019). Moreover, according to a recent qualitative study, bystanders rarely intervene or defend the victims against the image-based sexual abuse (Harder, 2020).…”

Section: Forwarding Of Sexting Images and Sextortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexting, pressured sexting and image-based sexual abuse among a weighted-sample of heterosexual and LGB-youth

Ouytsel

Walrave

Marez

et al. 2021

Computers in Human Behavior

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Section: Forwarding Of Sexting Images and Sextortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexting, pressured sexting and image-based sexual abuse among a weighted-sample of heterosexual and LGB-youth

Ouytsel

Walrave

Marez

et al. 2021

Computers in Human Behavior

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“…Males also favor criminalization of NCP less than women do (Lageson et al, 2019). Finally, qualitative research finds that third-party viewers of nonconsensual porn are unlikely to advocate for victims even when they are aware the images are nonconsensual (Harder, 2020); instead, they manage their conflicting emotions by “surface acting,” or altering their expression of their uncomfortable feelings to implicitly support the person sharing the NCP (Harder, 2020).…”

Section: Review Of Psychology Literature On Nonconsensual Pornmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychology of Nonconsensual Porn: Understanding and Addressing a Growing Form of Sexual Violence

Eaton

McGlynn

2020

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences

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As of 2020, legal protections for victims of image-based sexual abuse in the United States remain inadequate. For example, no federal law yet criminalizes the sharing of sexually intimate material without a person’s consent (i.e., nonconsensual porn), and existing state laws are patchy and problematic. Part of the reason for this problem may be that U.S. lawmakers and the general public have yet to grasp that nonconsensual porn is a form of sexual abuse, with many of the same devastating, recurring, and lifelong consequences for victims. This review of psychological research on nonconsensual porn includes frameworks for understating this image-based sexual abuse, correlates and consequences of victimization, victim blame, and the nature of perpetration. Then, we analyze U.S. laws on nonconsensual porn in light of this review and argue for comprehensive legislative solutions.

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“…Clearly, wider gendered norms impact the narratives guiding teen sexting dynamics; norms related to patriarchy, gendered double standards as well as heteronormativity. Studying ‘bystanders’ to sexting, Harder (2021) found contradictory findings among male bystanders in particular, who expressed both excitement (receiving images of female nudes as a ‘success’ or ‘checkmark’) and moral dilemma (expressing degrees of sympathy for female victims of image-based sexual abuse, but under pressure not to take a stand due to the draw of bonding with male peers), (suggesting the influence of hegemonic masculinities; (Connell, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strategies that female youth may engage in to resist often do little ‘to change [wider] gendered double standards, where women’s sexual agency is framed as shameful’ (Harder, 2021, p. 663). Attention to broader societal messaging is obviated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gendered Dynamics of Sexting as Boundary Work

Perry

Ricciardelli

Adorjan

2022

YOUNG

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‘Sexting’ as a form of sexual expression and experimentation has grown increasingly ubiquitous among teens. In addition to fostering intimacy and closeness among selected partners, sexting between minors incurs considerable risks to youth mental, physical, social and emotional wellbeing. Current debates on sexting focus on the conflicting role of pressure and pleasure among youth. We highlight findings from 35 focus groups with Canadian teens examining attitudes and experiences with cyber-risk and sexting. Our results show that youth demarcate boundaries between public and private and an ordered/disordered sense of self as they seek intimacy with others through the exchange of explicit digital material. Drawing on recent conceptual and theoretical work on image-based sexual abuse, we suggest that teens express situated agency when reflecting on sexting, indicating only partial awareness of wider patriarchal contexts mediating and patterning gendered behaviours involved in sexting and its outcomes.

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The emotional bystander – sexting and image-based sexual abuse among young adults

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Sexting, pressured sexting and image-based sexual abuse among a weighted-sample of heterosexual and LGB-youth

Sexting, pressured sexting and image-based sexual abuse among a weighted-sample of heterosexual and LGB-youth

The Psychology of Nonconsensual Porn: Understanding and Addressing a Growing Form of Sexual Violence

The Gendered Dynamics of Sexting as Boundary Work

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