The Energy and Environmental Evaluation of Maize, Hemp and Faba Bean Multi-Crops

Romaneckas, Kęstutis; Švereikaitė, Austėja; Kimbirauskienė, Rasa; Sinkevičienė, Aušra; Balandaitė, Jovita

doi:10.3390/agronomy13092316

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The results of their studies confirm the results obtained in this study, indicating that cultivation technologies are among the most energy-intensive and costly technological treatments. Reverse tillage technologies consume between 29% and 59% of total diesel fuel in the technological process [39].…”

Section: Results and End Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Purchasing New Agricultural Machinery on Fuel Consumption on Farms

Kuboń,

Cupiał,

Szeląg-Sikora

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The aim of this study was to see how purchases of new agricultural machinery affected fuel consumption on farms. This study, conducted in the Małopolska region in Poland, covered two reporting periods (before and after the purchase of machinery). The analysis included factors relevant to the indicators analyzed, including changes in fuel consumption, changes in the area of agrotechnical treatments, changes in working time, and changes in installed power. To study how fuel consumption evolves under different conditions, the following variables were used as grouping variables: area of farms, power of the largest tractor, index of technological modernization (ITM), groups of crops, groups of agrotechnical treatments, and groups of machinery. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the analyzed groups. The research showed that the purchases of new agricultural machinery increased fuel consumption on farms. In the population studied, the volume increased by 8% compared to the initial period. The increase in consumption after modernization was mainly due to the purchase of more powerful tractors, while the increase in productivity and the changes in technology due to more modern ones did not compensate for the increase in power demand.

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Section: Results and End Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Purchasing New Agricultural Machinery on Fuel Consumption on Farms

Kuboń,

Cupiał,

Szeląg-Sikora

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Notes: K1 -inter-row mellowing (control 1); K2 -inter-row mulching with weeds -permaculture element (control 2); LUP -intercropping and mulching with faba bean (LUP); PUD -intercropping and mulching with crimson clover (PUD); PED -intercropping and mulching with Persian clover (PED); MEL -intercropping and mulching with alfalfa. * -theoretical number based on Romaneckas et al [37]. In our experiment, the faba beans were cut and mulched because due to poor germination and development, the inter-rows were mainly covered with weeds.…”

Section: Crop Productivity and Energy Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Energy Balance and Ghg Emissions in Legume Intercropped Maize Agroecosystem as a Result of Drought

Romaneckas,

Švereikaitė,

Kimbirauskienė

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Multi-cropping can solve the energy and GHG balance problems, but the emergence, development and productivity of such mixed crops are at risk due to increasing drought periods. For this reason, single maize crops with inter-row mellowing and weed-mulching practices were compared with faba bean, crimson and Persian clover, and alfalfa intercropped maize cultivations. Tests were performed at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania. Results showed that by the 30% higher energy inputs were calculated in technologies with intercropped crimson, Persian clover, and alfalfa than in monocropped maize. Single maize crops produced by the 23-40% higher biomass yields compare to clover and alfalfa intercropped maize because, due to the drought periods, intercrops weakly sprouted and developed. Lower harvests reduced the energy output by up to 38%, energy efficiency ratio - by up to 2.5 times and net energy - by up to 42%. All tested technologies were environmentally friendly and similar according to the CO2 equivalent. Long-term drought periods during vegetative season due to climate change make us think about the improvement of intercropping technologies. Sowing intercrops at the same time with maize could solve the problem of its germination but highlight the problem of abundant weed spread. Therefore, this takes us to another sphere of agrotechnologies - the effective non-chemical weed control.

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“…A total of 36 spots were generated for the study. The biomass samples were dried in a thermostat at 105 • C to constant weight [42].…”

Section: Soil Agrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Assessment of the Effect of Multi-Cropping on Agroecosystems

Balandaitė,

Romaneckas,

Kimbirauskienė

et al. 2024

Plants

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Multi-cropping is becoming an increasingly popular technique in agriculture to tackle major and complex agroecosystem problems such as biodiversity and soil fertility loss, erosion and degradation, increased greenhouse gas emissions, etc. Comprehensively assessing the impact of multi-cropping intensity on agroecosystems is a new and still under-researched approach that can provide a better understanding of the impact of individual indicators on the overall functioning of biodiverse agroecosystems. Data from a stationary field experiment using multi-cropping at the Vytautas Magnus University Experimental Station between 2020 and 2022 were used to carry out this study. The study included maize, hemp, and faba bean as single, binary, and ternary crops. A complex assessment approach (CEI value) was used to determine the impact of these crops on the agroecosystem, the interrelationships between the main indicators, and the strength of their effects. It was found that the ternary maize–hemp–faba bean crop had the most positive effect on the agroecosystem. The effectiveness of other crops was 2 to 35% less. The lowest value was calculated for the maize–faba bean crop.

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The Energy and Environmental Evaluation of Maize, Hemp and Faba Bean Multi-Crops

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

The Impact of Purchasing New Agricultural Machinery on Fuel Consumption on Farms

The Impact of Purchasing New Agricultural Machinery on Fuel Consumption on Farms

Changes of Energy Balance and Ghg Emissions in Legume Intercropped Maize Agroecosystem as a Result of Drought

Comprehensive Assessment of the Effect of Multi-Cropping on Agroecosystems

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