The enhanced multifunctional behavior in G-type antiferromagnetic BiFeO3 due to the modification by MgTiO3

Investigation of the structural, dielectric, magnetic properties and NTC-thermistor response of CaBiFeMnO6 double perovskites

“…Three polarisation factors-grain-grain polarisation, grain boundary polarisation, and electrode polarization-observed at various frequency ranges mediate the semi-circular curves of the complex impedance spectra. [43][44][45][46] The frequency varying impedance's real component (Z 0 ) and imaginary part (Z 00 ) may be written as…”

“…Ferroelectric materials often exhibit a reduction in capacitance with increasing temperature. 45 Complex modulus analysis is an additional useful method for figuring out the electrical characteristics of the prepared specimen and interpreting the dynamic aspects and other features found in the sample. It also suppresses the electrode effect more.…”

“…Three polarisation factors—grain–grain polarisation, grain boundary polarisation, and electrode polarization—observed at various frequency ranges mediate the semi-circular curves of the complex impedance spectra. 43–46 The frequency varying impedance's real component ( Z ′) and imaginary part ( Z ′′) may be written aswhere τ is the relaxation time, which includes the measured resistance ( R ) and capacitance ( C ) as τ = RC , and ω is the angular frequency. 44 The frequency-dependent impedance is plotted for various temperatures as seen in Fig.…”

“…The lowest value of s and the most significant value of A at the given temperature is prompted by the restricted range of correlating force amongst the charge carriers. 45…”