The Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer

Pernar, Claire H.; Ebot, Ericka M.; Wilson, Kathryn M.; Mucci, Lorelei A.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a030361

Cited by 598 publications

(438 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…18 Due to its variable natural history, researchers are confronted with various challenges in terms of optimum gene promoter could be considered as markers to predict the early recurrence of cancer. 18 Due to its variable natural history, researchers are confronted with various challenges in terms of optimum gene promoter could be considered as markers to predict the early recurrence of cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non‐coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation

Jiang

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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| INTRODUC TI ONAs a non-skin tumour accompanied by variable natural history, prostate cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy and represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the male populace. 1,2 Risk factors responsible for prostate cancer comprise smoking, alcohol consumption and levels of male androgens. 3 Paclitaxel is widely regarded as an essential important drug for prostate cancer treatment; however, paclitaxel resistance ensues in many prostate cancer patients, which highlights the significance of developing strategies AbstractProstate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality in men across the world. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) have been reported to participate in the biology of multiple cancers including prostate cancer. Here, this study aimed to explore the possible role of LINC00673 in prostate cancer via KLF4 gene promoter methylation. Microarray-based gene expression profiling of prostate cancer was employed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes, after which the expression of LINC00673 and KLF4 in prostate cancer tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Next, the relationship between LINC00673 and KLF4 was evaluated using in silico analysis. Further, the effect of LINC00673 and KLF4 on cell proliferation and drug resistance of transfected cells was examined with gain-and loss-of-function experimentation. It was found that LINC00673 was highly expressed, while KLF4 was poorly expressed in prostate cancer tissues. Additionally, LINC00673 could bind to KLF4 gene promoter region and recruit methyltransferase to the KLF4 gene promoter region. Moreover, LINC00673silencing was demonstrated to reduce methylation of the KLF4 gene promoter to elevate the expression of KLF4, thus suppressing the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells. In summary, LINC00673 silencing could drive demethylation of the KLF4 gene promoter and thus inhibit the proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells, suggesting that silencing of LINC00673 and elevation of KLF4 could serve as tumour suppressors in prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non‐coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation

Jiang

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer‐related death in men in the United States (US) . An estimated 174 650 new cases of prostate cancer will be diagnosed in the US in 2019, and 31 620 men are likely to die due to this cancer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSMA ADC monotherapy in patients with progressive metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer following abiraterone and/or enzalutamide: Efficacy and safety in open‐label single‐arm phase 2 study

et al. 2019

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Background Prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well‐established therapeutic and diagnostic target overexpressed in both primary and metastatic prostate cancers. PSMA antibody‐drug conjugate (PSMA ADC) is a fully human immunoglobulin G1 anti‐PSMA monoclonal antibody conjugated to monomethylauristatin E, which binds to PSMA‐positive cells and induces cytotoxicity. In a phase 1 study, PSMA ADC was well tolerated and demonstrated activity as measured by reductions in serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). To further assess PSMA ADC, we conducted a phase 2 trial in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) subjects who progressed following abiraterone/enzalutamide (abi/enz) therapy. Methods A total of 119 (84 chemotherapy‐experienced and 35 chemotherapy‐naïve) subjects were administered PSMA ADC 2.5 or 2.3 mg/kg IV q3w for up to eight cycles. Antitumor activity (best percentage declines in PSA and CTCs from baseline and tumor responses through radiological imaging), exploratory biomarkers, and safety (monitoring of adverse events [AEs], clinical laboratory tests, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status) were assessed. Results PSA declines ≥50% occurred in 14% of all treated (n = 113) and 21% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects (n = 34). CTC declines ≥50% were seen in 78% of all treated (n = 77; number of subjects with ≥5 CTCs at baseline and a posttreatment result) and 89% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects (n = 19); 47% of all treated and 53% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects had a transition from ≥5 to less than 5 CTCs/7.5 mL blood at some point during the study. PSA and CTC reductions were associated with high PSMA expression (CTCs or tumor tissue) and low neuroendocrine serum markers. In the chemotherapy‐experienced group, the best overall radiologic response to PSMA ADC treatment was stable disease in 51 (60.7%) subjects; 5.7% of subjects in the chemotherapy‐naïve group had partial responses. The most common treatment‐related AEs ≥Common Terminology Criteria for AE (CTCAE) grade 3 were neutropenia, fatigue, electrolyte imbalance, anemia, and neuropathy. The most common serious AEs were dehydration, hyponatremia, febrile neutropenia, and constipation. Two subjects who received 2.5 mg/kg died of sepsis. Conclusions PSMA ADC demonstrated some activity with respect to PSA declines, CTC conversions/reductions, and radiologic assessments in abi/enz treated mCRPC subjects. Clinically significant treatment‐related AEs included neutropenia and neuropathy.

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“…Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common causes of disease and death among men, with 1.6 million diagnoses, and 366 000 deaths annually, worldwide . The World Health Organization ranked prostate cancer as the second leading cause of death due to cancer in developed countries as of 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in predicting survival of patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate: An evidence‐based case report and review of literature

Yausep

Agarwal

Aulina

et al. 2019

Clinical Case Reports

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The Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 598 publications

References 155 publications

Long non‐coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation

Long non‐coding RNA LINC00673 silencing inhibits proliferation and drug resistance of prostate cancer cells via decreasing KLF4 promoter methylation

PSMA ADC monotherapy in patients with progressive metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer following abiraterone and/or enzalutamide: Efficacy and safety in open‐label single‐arm phase 2 study

Prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in predicting survival of patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate: An evidence‐based case report and review of literature

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