The EU network on trace element speciation in full swing

Cornelis, Rita; Cámara, Carmen; Ebdon, Les; Pitts, L.; Sperling, Michael; Morabito, Roberto; Donard, O. F. X.; Crews, Helen M.; Larsen, Erik Huusfeldt; Neidhart, B.; Ariese, Freek; Rosenberg, Erwin; Berrouiguet, O.; Morrison, Gregory M.; Cordier, G.; Adams, F.; Dero, B.; Marshall, John; Stojanik, B.; Ekvall, Annika; Quevauviller, Philippe

doi:10.1016/s0165-9936(99)00188-0

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The amount of fluoride absorbed by the body depends on a number of complex variables to do with the health and condition of the individual (Krishnamachari 1986;Murray 1986;Den Besten 1994), the bioavailability of the fluoride compound (Cornelius et al 2000;Pennington 2000), and synergistic and antagonistic interactions with other elements (Bogden 2000;Yanez et al 2002;Deckers and Steinnes 2004). Malnutrition is a known risk factor in the onset of fluorosis (Smith et al 1931), particularly if diets are deficient in calcium, magnesium, and aluminium (McGill 1995;Cerklewski 1997;Akiniwa 1997).…”

Section: Fluorosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis linked to degassing of Ambrym volcano, Vanuatu: a novel exposure pathway

Allibone

Cronin

Charley

et al. 2010

Environ Geochem Health

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Ambrym in Vanuatu is a persistently degassing island volcano whose inhabitants harvest rainwater for their potable water needs. The findings from this study indicate that dental fluorosis is prevalent in the population due to fluoride contamination of rainwater by the volcanic plume. A dental survey was undertaken of 835 children aged 6-18 years using the Dean's Index of Fluorosis. Prevalence of dental fluorosis was found to be 96% in the target area of West Ambrym, 71% in North Ambrym, and 61% in Southeast Ambrym. This spatial distribution appears to reflect the prevailing winds and rainfall patterns on the island. Severe cases were predominantly in West Ambrym, the most arid part of the island, and the most commonly affected by the volcanic plume. Over 50 km downwind, on a portion of Malakula Island, the dental fluorosis prevalence was 85%, with 36% prevalence on Tongoa Island, an area rarely affected by volcanic emissions. Drinking water samples from West Ambrym contained fluoride levels from 0.7 to 9.5 ppm F (average 4.2 ppm F, n = 158) with 99% exceeding the recommended concentration of 1.0 ppm F. The pathway of fluoride-enriched rainwater impacting upon human health as identified in this study has not previously been recognised in the aetiology of fluorosis. This is an important consideration for populations in the vicinity of degassing volcanoes, particularly where rainwater comprises the primary potable water supply for humans or animals.

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Section: Fluorosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis linked to degassing of Ambrym volcano, Vanuatu: a novel exposure pathway

Allibone

Cronin

Charley

et al. 2010

Environ Geochem Health

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Determination of organotin compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–pulsed flame-photometric detection (HS-SPME–GC–PFPD)

et al. 2005

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A method based on Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME, with a 100 mum PDMS-fiber) in combination with gas-chromatography and pulsed flame-photometric detection (GC-PFPD) has been investigated for simultaneous determination of eight organotin compounds. Monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT), tributyltin (TBT), monophenyltin (MPhT), and the semi-volatile diphenyltin (DPhT), triphenyltin (TPhT), monooctyltin (MOcT), and dioctyltin (DOcT) were determined after derivatization with sodium tetraethylborate. The conditions used for the extraction and preconcentration step were optimised by experimental design methodology. Tripropyltin (TPrT) and diheptyltin (DHepT) were used as internal standards for quantification of volatile and semi-volatile organotin compounds, respectively. The analytical precision (RSD) for ten successive injections of a standard mixture containing all the organic tin compounds ranged between 2 and 11%. The limits of detection for all the organotin compounds were sub ng (Sn) L(-1) in water and close to ng (Sn) kg(-1) in sediments. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by analysis of two certified reference material (CRM) sediment samples. The HS-SPME-GC-PFPD was then applied to the analysis of three harbour sediment samples. The results showed that headspace SPME is an attractive tool for analysis of organotin compounds in solid environmental matrices.

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A TrAC journey into water-chemical metrology in the European Union

Quevauviller

2007

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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The EU network on trace element speciation in full swing

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Dental fluorosis linked to degassing of Ambrym volcano, Vanuatu: a novel exposure pathway

Dental fluorosis linked to degassing of Ambrym volcano, Vanuatu: a novel exposure pathway

Determination of organotin compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–pulsed flame-photometric detection (HS-SPME–GC–PFPD)

A TrAC journey into water-chemical metrology in the European Union

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