The Evolution of Cave Life

Romero, Aldemaro

doi:10.1511/2011.89.144

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Species may vary considerably in abundance from year to year. According to the modern understanding of adaptive processes, a wide range of adaptations and niches can be expected in the subterranean environment, as shown, e.g., among fishes (Riesch et al, 2010;Romero, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duality of terrestrial subterranean fauna

Novak¹,

Perc²,

Lipovšek³

et al. 2012

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Terrestrial animals in subterranean habitats are often classified according to their degree of morphological or ecological specialization to the subterranean environment. The commonly held view is that, as distance into a cave increases, the frequency of morphologically specialized, i.e., troglomorphic, species or ecological specialization will increase. We tested this hypothesis for the fauna in 54 caves in Slovenia-the classical land for subterranean biology. We found that there exist two ecologically well separated terrestrial subsurface faunas: one shallow and one deep. 1) The shallow subterranean fauna, adapted to the terrestrial shallow subterranean habitats (SSHs) in the upper 10 m of subsurface strata, is most diverse. It consists of randomly distributed non-troglobionts and a major group of troglobionts adapted to the soil root zone. 2) The deep subterranean fauna is represented by a minor group of troglobionts, adapted to caves. Troglobionts are strictly divided between the two faunas. There is strong evidence that in karstic ecosystems with deep-rooted vegetation this might be a global pattern, or that in these locations only the shallow subterranean fauna exist.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duality of terrestrial subterranean fauna

Novak¹,

Perc²,

Lipovšek³

et al. 2012

IJS

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“…Subterranean habitats have a high potential to permit the investigation of many aspects of modern ecology and biology (Pipan and Culver 2013). When analysing cave biota, it is important to recognize that underground habitats are not a closed system (Romero 2009): besides the exchange of abiotic components (e.g. chemicals, air and water) with outdoor environments, many organisms (more or less occasionally) move in and out caves, being entirely or for a part of their life cycles linked to underground environments (Lunghi et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Troglobionts often show peculiar morphological features, such as depigmentation and blindness. The biological relevance of these morphological adaptive features has been recently challenged by Romero (2011) who provided several cases of troglomorphic species being not associated to cave environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, considerable morphological differences are frequently encountered among troglobiont animals, and some obligate cave dwellers even lack troglomorphic characters (Romero 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amphibians occurrence in caves and in other hypogean habitats is often reported (Biswas 2014;Fenolio et al 2005;Rosa and Penado 2013). The observation of amphibians in caves is particularly frequent for salamanders, and at least 11 species or subspecies of urodeles, belonging to the families Proteidae and Plethodontidae, are obligate cave-dwelling organisms showing troglomorphism (Romero 2009). Moreover, many species during their life cycle are more or less regularly linked to cave environments and can play important roles for cave ecosystems (Lavoie et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cave exploitation by an usual epigean species: a review on the current knowledge on fire salamander breeding in cave

Manenti¹,

Lunghi²,

Ficetola³

2017

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Do replicates of independent guppy lineages evolve similarly in a predator‐free laboratory environment?

Gotanda

Pack

Leblond

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The Trinidadian guppy is emblematic of parallel and convergent evolution, with repeated demonstrations that predation regime is a driver of adaptive trait evolution. A classic and foundational experiment in this system was conducted by John Endler 40 years ago, where male guppies placed into low‐predation environments in the laboratory evolved increased color in a few generations. However, Endler's experiment did not employ the now typical design for a parallel/convergent evolution study, which would employ replicates of different ancestral lineages. We therefore implemented an experiment that seeded replicate mesocosms with small founding populations of guppies originating from high‐predation populations of two very different lineages. The different mesocosms were maintained identically, and male guppy color was quantified every four months. After one year, we tested whether male color had increased, whether replicates within a lineage had parallel phenotypic trajectories, and whether the different lineages converged on a common phenotype. Results showed that male guppy color generally increased through time, primarily due to changes in melanic color, whereas the other colors showed inconsistent and highly variable trajectories. Most of the nonparallelism in phenotypic trajectories was among mesocosms containing different lineages. In addition to this mixture of parallelism and nonparallelism, convergence was not evident in that the variance in color among the mesocosms actually increased through time. We suggest that our results reflect the potential importance of high variation in female preference and stochastic processes such as drift and founder effects, both of which could be important in nature.

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The Evolution of Cave Life

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Duality of terrestrial subterranean fauna

Duality of terrestrial subterranean fauna

Cave exploitation by an usual epigean species: a review on the current knowledge on fire salamander breeding in cave

Do replicates of independent guppy lineages evolve similarly in a predator‐free laboratory environment?

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