The Evolution of Fungicide Resistance

Lucas, John A.; Hawkins, N. J.; Fraaije, Bart A.

doi:10.1016/bs.aambs.2014.09.001

Cited by 442 publications

(374 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Evolved resistance to fungicides is a major problem limiting our ability to control agricultural, medical and veterinary pathogens 1, 2. Research over the last 30 years has often defined the mechanism conferring reduced sensitivity to the fungicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Mair

Lopez‐Ruiz

Stammler³

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

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Evolved resistance to fungicides is a major problem limiting our ability to control agricultural, medical and veterinary pathogens and is frequently associated with substitutions in the amino acid sequence of the target protein. The convention for describing amino acid substitutions is to cite the wild‐type amino acid, the codon number and the new amino acid, using the one‐letter amino acid code. It has frequently been observed that orthologous amino acid mutations have been selected in different species by fungicides from the same mode of action class, but the amino acids have different numbers. These differences in numbering arise from the different lengths of the proteins in each species. The purpose of the present paper is to propose a system for unifying the labelling of amino acids in fungicide target proteins. To do this we have produced alignments between fungicide target proteins of relevant species fitted to a well‐studied ‘archetype’ species. Orthologous amino acids in all species are then assigned numerical ‘labels’ based on the position of the amino acid in the archetype protein. © 2016 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Mair

Lopez‐Ruiz

Stammler³

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

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“…Resistance can evolve in field populations of fungal plant pathogens due to several mechanisms (Leroux and Walker, 2011;Lucas et al, 2015). With site-specific fungicides, the most common cause is modification of the target-site either due to a single mutation or a combination of changes in the target protein.…”

Section: 'Fungicide Resistance'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol for the evaluation of data concerning the necessity of the application of fungicide active substances to control a serious danger to plant health which cannot be contained by other available means, including non‐chemical methods

Lucas¹,

Migheli²,

Romanazzi³

et al. 2017

EFS3

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“…By the turn of the twenty-irst century, this atitude began to turn around as, for example, 'super bugs' invading humans have developed antibiotic resistance, and plant pathogens have likewise developed resistance to pesticides [65][66][67][68]. Reductionism in modern science is proving to be less helpful in facing new challenges because it compartmentalizes complex topics and ignores TEK, when there is considerable urgency and essentiality in supporting 'the integration of methods and results from diferent approaches and levels of analysis' [69, p. 466].…”

Section: From Quackgrass To Quackery and Backmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Turf and Lawn: Poaceae in This Age of Climate Change

Dunster¹

2017

Grasses - Benefits, Diversities and Functional Roles

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Grassland ecosystems dominated by Poaceae are estimated to cover 40.5% of Earth's land base, and domestication of a few edible grass species into highly productive cereal grains aided the shift from nomadic food gathering to ield cultivation and higher density habitation. In the Northern Hemisphere, grasses are used ornamentally and for pasture, fodder and forage with litle thought that the grasses livestock grazed upon, or those we gaze upon have multi-functional uses elsewhere. In this age of climate change, the use of Poaceae solely for aesthetics and amenity depletes inite potable water supplies that are needed for human survival. Agricultural land is consumed for turf seed production, and land is removed from food production. Cereals and their growing regions, which we have depended upon as food for millennia, are unlikely to adapt to climate change, and this will result in food insecurity and famines. Despite traditional uses of Poaceae in various cultures, many unrealized needs for food, medicine and other material goods could be met elsewhere with knowledge transfer. Our modern relationship with grass as an ornamental or amenity must end. As designers, gardeners and urban dwellers, we must use Poaceae for its multi-functions, which will lead to resilience and survival.

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The Evolution of Fungicide Resistance

Cited by 442 publications

References 217 publications

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Proposal for a unified nomenclature for target‐site mutations associated with resistance to fungicides

Protocol for the evaluation of data concerning the necessity of the application of fungicide active substances to control a serious danger to plant health which cannot be contained by other available means, including non‐chemical methods

Beyond Turf and Lawn: Poaceae in This Age of Climate Change

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