The Evolution of Wing Dimorphism in Insects

Roff, Derek A.

doi:10.2307/2408759

Cited by 346 publications

(334 citation statements)

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“…However, many sites persist for several This has been demonstrated theoretically (Van Valen, 1971;Roil, 1975;Järvinen and Vepsäläinen, 1976) and the decline in the proportion of macropterous individuals following colonisation of a newly seeded meadow actually observed over time in the coleopteran species, Apion virens, Sitona hispidula, S. su1cfrons and Phytonomus nigrirostris (Stein, 1977). The genetic basis of wing morph has been established in Sitona hispidula (Jackson, 1928) and Apion virens (Stein, 1973;Roff, 1986a). In both species the trait is determined by a single locus with 2 alleles, brachyptery being dominant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…(Vepsäläinen, 1973(Vepsäläinen, , 1974a(Vepsäläinen, , b, 1978; summarised in Table 11 of Dingle, 1980;Calabrese, 1979). A genetic basis for wing morph determination has been demonstrated in both leafhoppers and Gerridae (data summarised in Roff, 1986a). In these groups inheritance is polygenic with significant genotype-environment interaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most likely general explanation for the evolution and maintenance of such dimorphisms is that although wings permit dispersal over relatively long distances and hence persistence in a heterogeneous environment, the possession of wings and not simply flight carries a fitness "cost" (Roff, 1984;1986a). This cost in females appears, in general, to be a reduced fecundity and a delay in the start of oviposition of the winged morph (Dingle, 1980;Harrison 1980;Roll, 1986a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both single locus and poiygenic systems can be analyzed within the framework of "threshold characters". It is assumed that loci, or in the case of the single locus system, alleles, interact with their combined effect determining the level of some wing suppressing substance, possibly juvenile hormone (Harrison, 1980;Roff, 1986a). Above a certain level of this substance wing development is suppressed and microptery results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genetic basis of wing dimorphism in the sand cricket, Gryllus firmus and its relevance to the evolution of wing dimorphisms in insects

1986

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The sand cricket, Gryllus firmus is dimorphic with respect to wing length, some individuals being micropterous and others macropterous. The trait has a polygenic basis, micropterous parents producing a higher proportion of micropterous offspring than macropterous parents. The heritability of the trait, determined under a fixed photoperiod/temperature regime is 062 O•075 and 0•68 0•085 for males and females respectively. An alternate method of determining heritability based on a modified mid-parent on mean offspring regression is presented. This method is predicted to give an underestimate of heritability but permits an analysis of the separate influences of each parent. This analysis indicates the heritability in males and females to be 055 and that there are no maternal effects under the particular rearing conditions. A 5 hour shift in the photoperiod appears not to drastically change the heritability but a change in rearing temperature from 30°C to 25°C probably reduces it. Field observations suggest that at certain times of the year heritability may be relatively high whereas at others it could be very low. The adaptive significance of wing polymorphism and its evolution is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genetic basis of wing dimorphism in the sand cricket, Gryllus firmus and its relevance to the evolution of wing dimorphisms in insects

1986

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“…For example, facultative paedomorphosis, wing dimor- (Roff 1986;Aukema 1995), and other dispersal polyphenisms (McPeek and Holt 1992) may exhibit multiple mechanisms both within and between populations because the benefit to cost ratio of living in one habitat versus another can change over short time spans and between different populations. Some trophic polyphenisms may also be a product of multiple selection mechanisms.…”

Section: Facultative Paedomorphosis and The Evolution Of Phenotypic Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval growth in polyphenic salamanders: making the best of a bad lot

et al. 2011

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Polyphenisms are excellent models for studying phenotypic variation, yet few studies have focused on natural populations. Facultative paedomorphosis is a polyphenism in which salamanders either metamorphose or retain their larval morphology and eventually become paedomorphic. Paedomorphosis can result from selection for capitalizing on favorable aquatic habitats (paedomorph advantage), but could also be a default strategy under poor aquatic conditions (best of a bad lot). We tested these alternatives by quantifying how the developmental environment influences the ontogeny of wild Arizona tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum). Most paedomorphs in our study population arose from slow-growing larvae that developed under high density and size-structured conditions (best of a bad lot), although a few faster-growing larvae also became paedomorphic (paedomorph advantage). Males were more likely to become paedomorphs than females and did so under a greater range of body sizes than females, signifying a critical role for gender in this polyphenism. Our results emphasize that the same phenotype can be adaptive under different environmental and genetic contexts and that studies of phenotypic variation should consider multiple mechanisms of morph production.

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