The exceptionally powerful TeV γ-ray emitters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Abramowski, A.; Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Angüner, E. O.; Backes, Michael; Balenderan, S.; Balzer, A.; Barnacka, A.; Becherini, Y.; Tjus, J. Becker; Berge, D.; Bernhard, S.; Bernlöhr, K.; Birsin, E.; Biteau, J.; Böttcher, M.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bordas, P.; Bregeon, J.; Brun, F.; Brun, P.; Bryan, M.; Bulik, T.; Carrigan, S.; Casanova, S.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chakraborty, Nachiketa; Chalmé-Calvet, R.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Chrétien, M.; Colafrancesco, S.; Cologna, G.; Conrad, J.; Couturier, C.; Cui, Yudong; Dalton, M.; Davids, I. D.; Degrange, B.; Deil, C.; Wilt, P. de; Djannati‐Ataï, A.; Domainko, W.; Donath, Axel; Drury, L. O’c.; Dubus, G.; Dutson, K.; Dyks, J.; Dyrda, M.; Edwards, T.; Egberts, K.; Eger, P.; Espigat, P.; Farnier, C.; Fegan, S. J.; Feinstein, F.; Fernandes, M. V.; Fernández, D.; Fiaßon, A.; Fontaine, G.; Foerster, A.; Füßling, M.; Gabici, S.; Gajdus, M.; Gallant, Y. A.; Garrigoux, T.; Giavitto, G.; Giebels, B.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Gottschall, D.; Grondin, M.-H.; Grudzińska, M.; Hadasch, D.; Häffner, S.; Hahn, Joachim; Harris, J.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henri, G.; Hermann, G.; Hervet, O.; Hillert, Andreas; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Hofverberg, P.; Holler, M.; Horns, D.; Ivascenko, A.; Jachołkowska, A.; Jahn, C.; Jamrozy, M.; Janiak, M.; Jankowsky, F.; Jung, I.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Katarzyński, K.; Katz, U.; Kaufmann, S.; Khélifi, B.; Kieffer, Michel; Klepser, S.; Klochkov, D.; Kluźniak, W.; Kolitzus, D.; Komin, Nu.; Kosack, K.; Krakau, S.; Krayzel, F.; Krüger, P. P.; Laffon, H.; Lamanna, G.; Lefaucheur, J.; Lefranc, V.; Lemière, A.; Lemoine‐Goumard, M.; Lenain, J.‐P.; Löhse, T.; Lopatin, A.; Lu, Chia-Chun; Marandon, V.; Marcowith, A.; Marx, R.; Maurin, G.; Maxted, N.; Mayer, M.; McComb, T. J. L.; Méhault, J.; Meintjes, Pieter; Menzler, U.; Meyer, M.; Mitchell, Alison; Moderski, R.; Mohamed, M.; Morå, K.; Moulin, Emmanuel; Murach, T.; Naurois, M. de; Niemiec, J.; Nolan, S. J.; Oakes, L.; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ohm, S.; Opitz, B.; Ostrowski, M.; Oya, I.; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Arribas, M. Paz; Pekeur, N. W.; Pelletier, G.; Pérez, J.; Petrucci, P.-O.; Peyaud, B.; Pita, S.; Poon, H.; Pühlhofer, G.; Punch, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Raab, S.; Reichardt, I.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Renaud, M.; Reyes, R. de los; Rieger, F.; Rob, L.; Romoli, C.; Rosier‐Lees, S.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Rulten, C. B.; Šálek, D.; Sánchez, David; Santangelo, A.; Schlickeiser, R.; Schüßler, F.; Schulz, A.; Schwanke, U.; Schwarzburg, S.; Schwemmer, S.; Sol, H.; Spanier, F.; Spengler, G.; Spies, F.; Stawarz, Ł.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Stinzing, F.; Stycz, K.; Sushch, I.; Tavernet, J.‐P.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Tluczykont, M.; Trichard, C.; Valerius, K.; Eldik, C. van; Soelen, B. van; Vasileiadis, G.; Veh, J.; Venter, C.; Viana, A.; Vincent, P.; Vink, Jacco; Voêlk, H. J.; Volpe, F.; Vorster, M.; Vuillaume, Thomas; Wagner, S. J.; Wagner, P.; Wagner, R. M.; Ward, M. J.; Weidinger, M.; Weitzel, Q.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Willmann, P.; Wörnlein, A.; Wouters, D.; Yang, R.; Zabalza, V.; Zaborov, D.; Zacharias, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zechlin, H. S.

doi:10.1126/science.1261313

Cited by 132 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This is an extragalactic PWN in the LMC detected by H.E.S.S. up to 18TeV (Abramowski et al 2012(Abramowski et al , 2015c. The other 31 sources (out of the 33 2FHL exclusive sources) are not detected by Cherenkov telescopes yet.…”

Section: General and Spectral Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

2fhl: The Second Catalog of Hard Fermi-Lat Sources

Ackermann¹,

Ajello²,

Atwood³

et al. 2016

ApJS

257

207

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We present a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50 GeV-2 TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (∼1 7 radius at 68% C.L.) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. We find that 86% of the sources can be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LATon orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground.

show abstract

Section: General and Spectral Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

2fhl: The Second Catalog of Hard Fermi-Lat Sources

Ackermann¹,

Ajello²,

Atwood³

et al. 2016

ApJS

257

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It may be associated with the ARGOJ2031+4157 source at TeV energies (Bartoli et al 2014). Other SFRs have potential associations with GeV point sources, such as the G25.0+0.0 region (Katsuta et al 2017), NGC 3603 , and Westerlund2 , but it is difficult to estimate the contribution from unresolved sources unrelated to cosmicray production in such complex regions, as was demonstrated for 30 Doradus in the LMC (Abdo et al 2010e;Abramowski et al 2015). Other γ-ray sources detected beyond TeV energies are also tentatively associated with SFRs, such as Wester-lund1 (Ohm et al 2013) and HESS J1848-018 (Chaves et al 2008; de Naurois & H.E.S.S.…”

Section: Crab Nebula (Fhesj05345+2201)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Ackermann¹,

Ajello²,

Baldini³

et al. 2018

ApJS

187

162

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We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (>  | | b 5) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the CenA radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e + e − pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when γ-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3×10 −16 G for a coherence length λ10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.

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“…N132D was first detected by H.E.S.S. at the 4.7σ level (pre-trial) [14]. Additional observations by H.E.S.S.…”

Section: Pos(icrc2021)778mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Here we present updated gamma-ray observations by H.E.S.S. of this luminous SNR [14], together with data obtained by the Fermi-LAT instrument. With an estimated age of ∼ 2500 yr [15], N132D is considerably older than Cas A and Tycho's SNR (∼340 yr and 449 yr respectively).…”

Section: Pos(icrc2021)778mentioning

confidence: 98%

LMC N132D: a mature supernova remnant with a youthful gamma-ray spectrum

Vink¹,

Simoni²,

Komin³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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The supernova remnant LMC N132D is a remarkably luminous gamma-ray emitter at ∼50 kpc with an age of ∼2500 years. It belongs to the small group of oxygen-rich SNRs, which includes Cassiopeia A (Cas A) and Puppis A. N132D is interacting with a nearby molecular cloud. By adding 102 hours of new observations with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) to the previously published data with exposure time of 150 hours, we achieve the significant detection of N132D at a 5.7σ level in the very high energy (VHE) domain. The gamma-ray spectrum is compatible with a single power law extending above 10 TeV. We set a lower limit on an exponential cutoff energy at 8 TeV with 95% CL. The multi-wavelength study supports a hadronic origin of VHE gamma-ray emission indicating the presence of sub-PeV cosmic-ray protons. The detection of N132D is remarkable since the TeV luminosity is higher than that of Cas A by more than an order of magnitude. Its luminosity is comparable to, or even exceeding the luminosity of RX J1713.7-3946 or HESS J1640-465. Moreover, the extended power-law tail in the VHE spectrum of N132D is surprising given both the exponential cutoff at 3.5 TeV in the spectrum of its 340-year-old sibling, Cassiopeia A, and the lack of TeV emission from a Fermi-LAT 2FHL source (E > 50 GeV) associated with Puppis A. We discuss a physical scenario leading to the enhancement of TeV emission via the interaction between N132D and a near molecular cloud.

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The exceptionally powerful TeV γ-ray emitters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Cited by 132 publications

References 63 publications

2fhl: The Second Catalog of Hard Fermi-Lat Sources

2fhl: The Second Catalog of Hard Fermi-Lat Sources

The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

LMC N132D: a mature supernova remnant with a youthful gamma-ray spectrum

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