The Experience Sampling Method in Stress and Anxiety Research

Vries, Marten W. de; Caës, Christel; Delespaul, Philippe

doi:10.1002/0470846437.ch15

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Palm Pilot Questionnaire – a 13-item questionnaire (Appendix 1) was developed for use with a Palm Pilot (OS R version 3.1 or above) and the ESM software by the principal researcher (C.W.). Questions 1, 2, 7, 8, 9 and 13 were adapted from an ESM study of anxiety in a student population (deVries et al, 2001), and Question 3 was adapted from Hurlburt et al (1994), with the remaining questions developed for this study. The use of free source code from the National Science Foundation (http://www.experience-sampling.org) allowed various response types, including ‘text’ (100 characters max.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety in Asperger’s syndrome: Assessment in real time

Hare

Wood

Wastell

et al. 2014

Autism

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Anxiety is a major problem for many people with Asperger's syndrome who may have qualitatively different fears from a non-Asperger's syndrome population. Research has relied on measures developed for non-Asperger's syndrome populations that require reporting past experiences of anxiety, which may confound assessment in people with Asperger's syndrome due to problems with autobiographical memory as are often reported in this group.Experience sampling methodology was used to record real-time everyday experiences in 20 adults with Asperger's syndrome and 20 neurotypical adults. Within-subject analysis was used to explore the phenomenology of thoughts occurring in people with Asperger's syndrome when they were anxious. Comparisons were made with the group that did not have Asperger's syndrome. The Asperger's syndrome group were significantly more anxious than the comparison group. Factors associated with feelings of anxiety in the Asperger's syndrome group were high levels of self-focus, worries about everyday events and periods of rumination lasting over 10 min. People in the Asperger's syndrome group also had a tendency to think in the image form, but this was not associated with feelings of anxiety. The results are discussed with reference to psychological models of Asperger's syndrome, cognitive models of anxiety and implications for psychological therapy for this group.

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Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety in Asperger’s syndrome: Assessment in real time

Hare

Wood

Wastell

et al. 2014

Autism

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“…In mental health research, EMA methods have been used in studying pediatric affective disorders (Axelson et al, 2003), eating disorders (Boseck et al, 2007; le Grange et al, 2002), drug abuse (Epstein et al, 2009), schizophrenia (Granholm et al, 2008; Kimhy et al, 2006), borderline personality disorder (Trull et al, 2008), stress and anxiety (de Vries et al, 2001; Yoshiuchi et al, 2008), and sexual abuse (Simonich et al, 2004). Similarly, in smoking research, some EMA studies include those studying relapse in people who are quitting smoking (Shiffman, 2005), relapse among adolescent smokers (Gwaltney et al, 2008), examining the urge to smoke (O’Connell et al, 1998), and our own EMA studies on adolescents (Mermelstein et al, 2002, 2007).…”

Section: Ecological Momentary Assessment (Ema) Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixed ordinal location scale model for analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data

Hedeker

Demirtaş

Mermelstein

2009

Statistics and Its Interface

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Mixed-effects logistic regression models are described for analysis of longitudinal ordinal outcomes, where observations are observed clustered within subjects. Random effects are included in the model to account for the correlation of the clustered observations. Typically, the error variance and the variance of the random effects are considered to be homogeneous. These variance terms characterize the within-subjects (i.e., error variance) and between-subjects (i.e., random-effects variance) variation in the data. In this article, we describe how covariates can influence these variances, and also extend the standard logistic mixed model by adding a subject-level random effect to the within-subject variance specification. This permits subjects to have influence on the mean, or location, and variability, or (square of the) scale, of their responses. Additionally, we allow the random effects to be correlated. We illustrate application of these models for ordinal data using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data, or intensive longitudinal data, from an adolescent smoking study. These mixed-effects ordinal location scale models have useful applications in mental health research where outcomes are often ordinal and there is interest in subject heterogeneity, both between- and within-subjects.

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“…In mental health research, EMA methods have been used in studying pediatric affective disorders , eating disorders , drug abuse , schizophrenia , borderline personality disorder , stress and anxiety , and sexual abuse . Similarly, in smoking research, some EMA studies include those studying relapse in people who are quitting smoking and relapse among adolescent smokers and those examining the urge to smoke , and our own EMA studies on adolescents .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling between‐subject and within‐subject variances in ecological momentary assessment data using mixed‐effects location scale models

Hedeker

Mermelstein

Demirtaş

2012

Statistics in Medicine

171

159

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Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and/or Experience Sampling (ESM) methods are increasingly used in health studies to study subjective experiences within changing environmental contexts. In these studies, up to thirty or forty observations are often obtained for each subject. Because there are so many measurements per subject, one can characterize a subject’s mean and variance, and specify models for both. In this article, we focus on an adolescent smoking study using EMA where interest is on characterizing changes in mood variation. We describe how covariates can influence the mood variances, and also extend the statistical model by adding a subject-level random effect to the within-subject variance specification. This permits subjects to have influence on the mean, or location, and variability, or (square of the) scale, of their mood responses. These mixed-effects location scale models have useful applications in many research areas where interest centers on the joint modeling of the mean and variance structure.

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The Experience Sampling Method in Stress and Anxiety Research

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Anxiety in Asperger’s syndrome: Assessment in real time

Anxiety in Asperger’s syndrome: Assessment in real time

A mixed ordinal location scale model for analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data

Modeling between‐subject and within‐subject variances in ecological momentary assessment data using mixed‐effects location scale models

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