The expression and function of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in human breast cancer and its clinical application.

Si, Hayashi; Eguchi, Hidetaka; Tanimoto, Keiji; Yoshida, Takashi; Omoto, Yoko; Inoue, Akio; Yoshida, Nobuyuki; Yamaguchi, Yuri

doi:10.1677/erc.0.0100193

Cited by 162 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Initial assays by immunohistochemistry in primary breast cancers indicate that ER is not a surrogate for ER and, as thus may have its own clinical relevance in prognosis and tumor progression [50,51].…”

Section: Expression Of Estrogen Receptor mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and their receptors in breast cancer progression: a dual role in cancer proliferation and invasion

Platet

Cathiard

Gleizes

et al. 2004

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

319

236

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Estrogens play an important role in regulating the growth and differentiation of normal, premalignant and malignant cell types, especially breast epithelial cells, through interaction with two nuclear estrogen receptors (ER and ERIn this review, we present a brief overview of the actions of estrogens in the different steps of breast carcinogenesis, including cancer progression to metastasis, and of their clinical consequences in the prevention, prognosis and treatment of the disease. The requirement of estrogen receptors, mainly of the alpha subtype, in normal mammary gland differentiation and growth has been evidenced by estrogen receptor deficiency in animals. The promotion of breast cancer carcinogenesis by prolonged exposure to estrogens is well-documented and this has logically led to the use of antiestrogens as potentially chemopreventive agents. In breast cancer progression, however, the exact roles of estrogen receptors have been less well established but they may possibly be dual. Estrogens are mitogenic in ER-positive cells and antiestrogens are an efficient adjuvant therapy for these tumors. On the other hand, the fact that estrogens and their receptors protect against cancer cell invasiveness through distinct mechanisms in experimental models may explain why the presence of ER is associated with well-differentiated and less invasive tumors.2

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Section: Expression Of Estrogen Receptor mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogens and their receptors in breast cancer progression: a dual role in cancer proliferation and invasion

Platet

Cathiard

Gleizes

et al. 2004

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

319

236

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show abstract

“…The liganded ER forms homo-/hetero-dimers, translocate into nucleus and activate transcription of target genes through the binding to estrogen response elements (EREs) in their promoter region (2,(4)(5)(6). The activation of ER· stimulates cell proliferation while ERß has an opposite effect (7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by down-regulation of estrogen receptor and NF-κB signaling

Jiang

Slivova²,

Slíva³

2006

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. Ganoderma lucidum, an oriental medical mushroom, has been used in Asia for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer. We have previously demonstrated that G. lucidum inhibits growth and induces cell cycle arrest at G 0 /G 1 phase through the inhibition of Akt/NF-κB signaling in estrogen-independent human breast cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the inhibitory effects of G. lucidum on the proliferation of estrogen-dependent (MCF-7) and estrogenindependent (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that G. lucidum inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by the modulation of the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-κB signaling. Thus, G. lucidum down-regulated the expression of ER· in MCF-7 cells but did not effect the expression of ERß in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, G. lucidum inhibited estrogen-dependent as well as constitutive transactivation activity of ER through estrogen response element (ERE) in a reporter gene assay. G. lucidum decreased TNF-·-induced (MCF-7) as well as constitutive (MDA-MB-231) activity of NF-κB. The inhibition of ER and NF-κB pathways resulted in the down-regulation of expression of c-myc, finally suppressing proliferation of estrogen-dependent as well as estrogen-independent cancer cells. Collectively, these results suggest that G. lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells and contain biologically active compounds with specificity against estrogen receptor and NF-κB signaling, and implicate G. lucidum as a suitable herb for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of breast cancer.

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“…On the other hand, exon 3 and 7 in estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) appeared as a band with size 151 bp and 157 bp respectively as shown in fingers (1) and (2). In Iranian women, the size of exon 3 and 7 in ESR2 was also detected [Abbasi, 2010].…”

Section: Results and Discussion:-amplification Of Exons Beta (Esr2) Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (Snps) in Exon 3 and 7 of Estrogen Receptor Beta (Esr2) Gene in Women With Breast Cancer From Iraq.

Hussain¹,

Hassani²,

Risan³

2016

IJAR

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The expression and function of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in human breast cancer and its clinical application.

Cited by 162 publications

References 17 publications

Estrogens and their receptors in breast cancer progression: a dual role in cancer proliferation and invasion

Estrogens and their receptors in breast cancer progression: a dual role in cancer proliferation and invasion

Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by down-regulation of estrogen receptor and NF-κB signaling

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (Snps) in Exon 3 and 7 of Estrogen Receptor Beta (Esr2) Gene in Women With Breast Cancer From Iraq.

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