The extensional and failure properties of polymer melts

Takaki, Takeshi; Bogue, D. C.

doi:10.1002/app.1975.070190209

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A recent review by Petrie and Denn (36) summarizes the state of the art and indicates the level of understanding of several instability phenomena. We shall however point out here the works by Onogi and coworkers (9, 10) and by the Tennessee group (7, 20,21) which are more strictly related to our findings.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Middleman (8), Vinogradov, et al (2), Onogi and coworkers (9, lo), Acierno, et al (11,12), and Matsui and Bogue (13) have, for instance, presented data obtained at constant velocity. Constant stress data have been obtained by Cogswell, et al (14)(15)(16), Vinogradov, et al (17), Meissner (4), and Munstedt (18) etc., while constant force experiments have been performed by Karam and Bellinger (19), Chen, et al (20), and Takaki and Bogue (21). In some sense also the data obtained from isothermal spinning experiments can be considered of constant force type: we point out those from Acierno et al (22), Han and Lamonte (23), Spearot and Metzner (24), and Bankar, Spruiell and White (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Influence of molecular weight on the creep behavior of undiluted polyisobutylenes

Mantia

Acierno

1979

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The elongational behavior in constant force experiments has been considered for three samples of commercial polyisobutylene. The results compare favorably with the predictions of two existing non‐linear theories as long as the samples deform homogeneously. Some qualitative observations have been made with reference to the “failure point”, i.e., the point where a non‐homogeneous deformation begins.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Influence of molecular weight on the creep behavior of undiluted polyisobutylenes

Mantia

Acierno

1979

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…where the constants were taken as Cl = 6.10 and Cz 117.8°0, as determined from the data of Takaki. 9 The linear cooling rate of Eq. (5) is put in.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Isothermal Rheological Response During Elongational Flow

Matsumoto

Bogue

1977

Transactions of the Society of Rheology

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SynopsisRheological response in the presence of a rapidly changing temperature is an important problem, both as a basic study in rheology and as an applied problem in polymer processing. Here we carry out basic studies in which samples of polystyrene are simultaneously deformed at a constant elongation rate and cooled with linear temperature histories. Generalized time-temperature superposition theory, presented earlier in the form of shift factors aT[T(t)], is considered further. We conclude that the effect of cooling rate R must be introduced explicitly, especially near T.; a modified equation is suggested in the form aT[7'(t), Tg(R)J. From a processing point of view, the most interesting result is that, at high cooling rates, the stress seems to be expressible in terms of a viscosity-not, however, one which is simply related to the shear viscosity.

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“…30 In view of the experimental evidence published in the literature, the use of a fluid model with a strong memory function is required, so that we can properly account for the deformation history of the fluid. Moreover, one should properly consider the relaxation and cooling processes in the die swell region and the region just below it, for the development of a new kind of draw resonance theory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on melt spinning. VIII. The effects of molecular structure and cooling conditions on the severity of draw resonance

Han

Apte

1979

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe effects of molecular structure and cooling conditions on the sever,ity of draw resonance was investigated by carrying out carefully controlled melt spinning experiments. For the study, two types of polymeric materials were used: one which exhibits viscoelastic behavior (high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene), and the other which exhibits almost Newtonian behavior (nylon-6 and poly(ethy1ene terephthalate)]. In order to investigate the effect of cooling on the severity of draw resonance, different methods of cooling the molten threadline were employed. In one set of experiments, isothermal chambers of various lengths (3,6, and 12 in.) were attached to the spinnerette face, so that the molten threadline, upon exiting from the spinnerette, began to cool in the ambient air only after it had passed through the isothermal chamber. This method of cooling is called "delayed cooling," providing both an isothermal region (inside the isothermal chamber) where only stretching occurs, and a nonisothermal region (outside the isothermal chamber) where both stretching and cooling occur simultaneously. In other experiments, the temperature profile of the molten threadline was controlled by adjusting the temperature of the heated chamber. This method of cooling provides a gradual drop of the threadline temperature, compared to the more sudden drop when spinning into a cold environment provided a t the spinnerette exit. The severity of draw resonance was recorded on movie film, and the thread tension was measured with a low-force load cell transducer and recorded on a chart recorder. The temperature of the threadline along the spin direction was measured using a fiber optical probe attached to a Vanzetti Infrared Thermal Monitoring System (Model TM-1). It was found that the severity of draw resonance depended on the molecular structure and the way the molten threadline was cooled. Of particular interest is the observation that, for the visctdastic materials investigated, ctwling destabilized the molten threadline outside the isothermal chamber. This gave rise to more severe resonant behavior, a t and above the critical draw-down ratio, in contradiction to the theoretical prediction by Fisher and Denn. It was observed, also, that the elasticity of the materials tended to destabilize the molten threadline (i.e., it increased the severity of draw resonance), again in contradiction to the theoretical prediction of Fisher and Denn. It is believed that morphological changes of polymers may play an important role in the occurrence of draw resonance when a melt threadline is stretched under cooling. Our study indicated that a good understanding of draw resonance of viscoelastic fluids requires more careful study than the classical hydrodynamic stability analysis reported by Fisher and Denn. They based their analysis on several convenient and yet unjustified assumptions, and solely on phenomenological considerations. We suggest that future theoretical analysis of draw resonance he carried out by considering a ...

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The extensional and failure properties of polymer melts

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Influence of molecular weight on the creep behavior of undiluted polyisobutylenes

Influence of molecular weight on the creep behavior of undiluted polyisobutylenes

Non-Isothermal Rheological Response During Elongational Flow

Studies on melt spinning. VIII. The effects of molecular structure and cooling conditions on the severity of draw resonance

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