The Eyes Have It All!

Khatami, Mahin

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66475-0_4

Cited by 3 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…In 1980s, we established experimental models of acute and chronic ocular inflammatory diseases using guinea pigs conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissues (CALTs). Systematic analyses of a series of reported data suggested the first and only evidence for direct association between inflammation and time course kinetics of developmental phases of immune dysfunction (acute, intermediate and chronic phases) in the direction of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis (‘accidental’ discoveries) [ 5 – 8 , 26 – 41 ]. Briefly, in the acute phase (immediate hypersensitivity responses), early clinical and histopathological findings included strong or weak type 1 ocular reactions, tearing, activation and degranulation of mast cells (MCs), vascular hyperpermeability reactions and tissue edema.…”

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of histamine and prostaglandins (PGF-1α) were reported as primary and secondary mediators of immune responses in acute phase reactions. Animals with strong acute ocular reactions also demonstrated wheezing suggestive of MCs sensitization and activation in lung airways [ 8 , 26 , 30 , 31 ]. The intermediate phase (down-regulation phenomena) responses were associated with minimum clinical responses, increased degranulated MCs, heavy infiltration of eosinophils in ocular secretions and goblet cells, induction of neovascularization and tissue atrophy [ 27 , 31 ].…”

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibody assays of hyperplastic tissues showed changes in local IgGs biosynthesis (IgG1/IgG2 ratios). New born guinea pigs from highly sensitized animals developed strong clinical reactions upon 1st or 2nd challenge with antigen suggesting antibody transfer and genetic predisposition in newly born animals [ 8 , 28 , 29 , 31 ]. Mixing antigen with tumor-promoting agents shifted the induction of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis to earlier time course, compared with using antigen alone, suggesting involvement of growth promoting kinases.…”

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mixing antigen with tumor-promoting agents shifted the induction of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis to earlier time course, compared with using antigen alone, suggesting involvement of growth promoting kinases. Presence of circulating IgE antibodies did not necessarily correlated with strong acute reactions, suggesting sensitization of local and distal MCs including the lung airways or the fetus tissues [ 8 , 26 , 31 ]. In 2014, further analyses and integration of original data led to the first report on interactions and synergies between host/local immune and non-immune cells (e.g., mast cells, mucus-secreting goblet cells, epithelium, B/plasma cells) and the recruitment and infiltration of activated immune cells (e.g., eosinophils, tumor associated macrophages/TAM-M2) via activation of vasculature toward tumorigenesis and angiogenesis at different stages of immune dysfunction [ 38 ].…”

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ongoing debates, controversies, misinformation and confusions regarding the role of inflammation, whether it is protective in preventing cancer or it is a cause of cancer are among serious factors in failing patients when clinical trials are decided [ 5 – 8 ]. 5…”

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and ‘Dark Energy’: loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism)

Khatami

2018

Clinical & Translational Med

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107

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Maintenance of health involves a synchronized network of catabolic and anabolic signals among organs/tissues/cells that requires differential bioenergetics from mitochondria and glycolysis (biological laws or biorhythms). We defined biological circadian rhythms as Yin (tumoricidal) and Yang (tumorigenic) arms of acute inflammation (effective immunity) involving immune and non-immune systems. Role of pathogens in altering immunity and inducing diseases and cancer has been documented for over a century. However, in 1955s decision makers in cancer/medical establishment allowed public (current baby boomers) to consume million doses of virus-contaminated polio vaccines. The risk of cancer incidence and mortality sharply rose from 5% (rate of hereditary/genetic or innate disease) in 1900s, to its current scary status of 33% or 50% among women and men, respectively. Despite better hygiene, modern detection technologies and discovery of antibiotics, baby boomers and subsequent 2–3 generations are sicker than previous generations at same age. American health status ranks last among other developed nations while America invests highest amount of resources for healthcare. In this perspective we present evidence that cancer is an induced disease of twentieth century, facilitated by a great deception of cancer/medical establishment for huge corporate profits. Unlike popularized opinions that cancer is 100, 200 or 1000 diseases, we demonstrate that cancer is only one disease; the severe disturbances in biorhythms (differential bioenergetics) or loss of balance in Yin and Yang of effective immunity. Cancer projects that are promoted and funded by decision makers are reductionist approaches, wrong and unethical and resulted in loss of millions of precious lives and financial toxicity to society. Public vaccination with pathogen-specific vaccines (e.g., flu, hepatitis, HPV, meningitis, measles) weakens, not promotes, immunity. Results of irresponsible projects on cancer sciences or vaccines are increased population of drug-dependent sick society. Outcome failure rates of claimed ‘targeted’ drugs, ‘precision’ or ‘personalized’ medicine are 90% (± 5) for solid tumors. We demonstrate that aging, frequent exposures to environmental hazards, infections and pathogen-specific vaccines and ingredients are ‘antigen overload’ for immune system, skewing the Yin and Yang response profiles and leading to induction of ‘mild’, ‘moderate’ or ‘severe’ immune disorders. Induction of decoy or pattern recognition receptors (e.g., PRRs), such as IRAK-M or IL-1dRs (‘designer’ molecules) and associated genomic instability and over-expression of growth promoting factors (e.g., pyruvate kinases, mTOR and PI3Ks, histamine, PGE2, VEGF) could lead to immune tolerance, facilitating cancer cells to hijack anabolic machinery of immunity (Yang) for their increased growth requirements. Expression of constituent embryonic factors would negatively regulate differentiation of tumor cells through epithelial–mesenchymal-transition and create “dual negative feed...

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Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accidental Discoveries In 1980s: Time Course Kinetics Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and ‘Dark Energy’: loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism)

Khatami

2018

Clinical & Translational Med

Self Cite

107

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Retracted: Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction‐mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity‐electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations – A hypothesis

Khatami

2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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Schematic representation of cause, exacerbation and consequence of vaccinesinduced diverse immune disorders in immune-responsive or immune-privileged tissues. It depicts that vaccination of the unborn, alter biology of trophoblastembryo-fetus-placenta and orderly growth and development affecting epithelialmesenchymal transition, proper expression of constituent-inducible receptor molecules; consequently influence immunity of newborn, infant, children and adults. Vaccine-induced impaired organ development and immunity include impaired mitochondrial function (mitophagy), tissue bioenergetics, loss of balance in Yin (tumoricidal) and Yang (tumorigenic) pathways and altered metabolic-neuronal-hormonal activities as bases for increased induced diseases in young and old.

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In Vitro Cancer Models: A Closer Look at Limitations on Translation

Antunes

Kundu

et al. 2022

Bioengineering

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In vitro cancer models are envisioned as high-throughput screening platforms for potential new therapeutic discovery and/or validation. They also serve as tools to achieve personalized treatment strategies or real-time monitoring of disease propagation, providing effective treatments to patients. To battle the fatality of metastatic cancers, the development and commercialization of predictive and robust preclinical in vitro cancer models are of urgent need. In the past decades, the translation of cancer research from 2D to 3D platforms and the development of diverse in vitro cancer models have been well elaborated in an enormous number of reviews. However, the meagre clinical success rate of cancer therapeutics urges the critical introspection of currently available preclinical platforms, including patents, to hasten the development of precision medicine and commercialization of in vitro cancer models. Hence, the present article critically reflects the difficulty of translating cancer therapeutics from discovery to adoption and commercialization in the light of in vitro cancer models as predictive tools. The state of the art of in vitro cancer models is discussed first, followed by identifying the limitations of bench-to-bedside transition. This review tries to establish compatibility between the current findings and obstacles and indicates future directions to accelerate the market penetration, considering the niche market.

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The Eyes Have It All!

Cited by 3 publications

References 120 publications

Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and ‘Dark Energy’: loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism)

Cancer; an induced disease of twentieth century! Induction of tolerance, increased entropy and ‘Dark Energy’: loss of biorhythms (Anabolism v. Catabolism)

Retracted: Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction‐mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity‐electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations – A hypothesis

In Vitro Cancer Models: A Closer Look at Limitations on Translation

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