“…One of the most popular topics in the field of the automotive industry is the relationship between environmental and economic issues, aimed at determining the direct relationship between the two mutually exclusive categories and sustainability development (Liu et al, 2018;Rovinaru et al, 2019;García-Machado & Martínez-Ávila, 2019;Meckling & Nahm, 2019;Gohoungodji et al, 2020;Haas, 2021;Hu et al, 2021;Szász et al, 2021;Palea & Santhià, 2022;Beier et al, 2022;Lukin et al, 2022). Some authors perform comparative analysis of companies in the field of the automotive industry (Scavarda et al, 2009;Shah & Regassa, 2010;Studeny, 2015;Lui et al, 2018;Gorgoni et al, 2018;Mordue & Sweeney, 2020;Lukin et al, 2022).…”