The fire performance of polylactic acid containing a novel intumescent flame retardant and intercalated layered double hydroxides

Jin, Xiaodong; Gu, Xiaoyu; Chen, Chen; Tang, Wufei; Li, Hongfei; Liu, Xiaodong; Bourbigot, Serge; Zhang, Sheng; Sun, Jun

doi:10.1007/s10853-017-1354-5

Cited by 118 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This was because the addition of LDH-PMMA to the composite was relatively low, which had a weaker effect on the crystal structure of the PLA composites. 34 In addition, it was also possible that the PLA composites formed an intercalated or partially exfoliated structure, which was consistent with reports by Pan et al 35 Ahmed et al 36 also made a similar report. In summary, despite the incorporation of LDH-PMMA into PLA nanocomposites, the crystal structure of PLA remains unchanged.…”

Section: Xps Analysissupporting

confidence: 85%

Synthesis, characterization of layered double hydroxide‐poly(methylmethacrylate) graft copolymers via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization and its effect on the performance of poly(lactic acid)

Geng

Zhen

Song

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Layered double hydroxide‐poly(methylmethacrylate) (LDH‐PMMA) graft copolymers were prepared via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization. The results showed that the hydrophobicity of LDH‐PMMA was improved by the incorporation of hydrophilic groups. Moreover, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/LDH‐PMMA nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending to enhance the performances of PLA. The crystallization and mechanical properties of the PLA/LDH‐PMMA nanocomposites were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and polarized optical microscopy, respectively. Results of mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of PLA/LDH‐PMMA nanocomposites were increased by 5.64%, 37.95%, and 49.70%, respectively, compared with PLA. The differential scanning calorimetry results indicated that LDH‐PMMA eliminated the cold crystallization of PLA matrix and improved the crystallinity of PLA by 37.26%. The polarized optical microscopy of PLA/LDH‐PMMA nanocomposites demonstrated that LDH‐PMMA increased the crystallization rate of PLA. It was also found that the rheological behaviors of the PLA nanocomposites were significantly enhanced. Based on these results, a new choice for modified LDHs was provided and used as a nucleating agent to improve the properties of PLA.

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Section: Xps Analysissupporting

confidence: 85%

Synthesis, characterization of layered double hydroxide‐poly(methylmethacrylate) graft copolymers via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization and its effect on the performance of poly(lactic acid)

Geng

Zhen

Song

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Moreover, it should be noted that the characteristic diffraction peaks of AB‐LDH were not observed in the XRD pattern of PLA1. This was due that the layered AB‐LDH had been exfoliated in the nanocomposites .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Performance, and Kinetics of Poly(Lactic‐Acid)/Amidated Benzoic Acid Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides Nanocomposites by Reactive Extrusion Process

Geng

Zhen

2018

Polymer Composites

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Poly(lactic acid)/amidated benzoic acid intercalated layered double hydroxides (PLA/AB‐LDH) nanocomposites were synthesized by reactive extrusion process using zinc acetate, L‐lactide, and AB‐LDH, in which the zinc acetate was severed as catalyst, L‐lactide as raw material and AB‐LDH as nucleating agent. The prepared PLA/AB‐LDH nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and so on. The test results showed that PLA/AB‐LDH nanocomposites had α‐crystal structure. The analysis results of mechanical test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and polarized optical microscopy (POM) demonstrated that the toughness, crystallinity, crystallization rate, and nucleation density of PLA/AB‐LDH nanocomposites had been significantly enhanced. In addition, the thermal degradation kinetics further indicated that AB‐LDH could improve the thermal stability of PLA significantly. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:2668–2680, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…During the combustion, MEL produces the inert gases (such as NH 3 and N 2 ), while undergoes progressive condensation with the formation of thermally stable products (mainly melam and melem) as well . MEL has also received increasing favor in terms of self‐assembly owing to its ionic attractivity with other organic or inorganic acids . Sulfamic acid (SA) exhibits a strong ionic bonding ability as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 MEL has also received increasing favor in terms of self-assembly owing to its ionic attractivity with other organic or inorganic acids. [18][19][20][21][22] Sulfamic acid (SA) exhibits a strong ionic bonding ability as well. Furthermore, SA, like other sulfamate, also possesses the catalytic effects during the charring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach on improving the fire resistance of polyamide 11 by incorporating sulfur‐based flame retardant

Jin

Cui

Sun

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this work, a novel sulfur‐based flame retardant (SA‐M) was synthesized by the self‐assembly of melamine and sulfamic acid. The chemical structure of SA‐M was fully characterized. SA‐M, in company with Al2O3, was then introduced into polyamide 11 (PA 11) by melt compounding in order to improve the fire resistance of the polymer substrate. The observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) indicated the well dispersion of SA‐M in PA 11 matrix. The fire performance of PA 11 composites was evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL‐94), and cone calorimeter tests, respectively. The results showed that the presence of 17.5% SA‐M and 2.5% Al2O3 increased the LOI value from 22.4% to 30.9%, upgraded the UL‐94 rating from no rating to V‐0, significantly eliminated the melt dripping, and decreased the peak heat release rate from 1024 to 603 kW/m2. The thermal behaviors were investigated by thermogravimeric analysis (TGA) and TGA‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was suggested that SA‐M took effects mainly in gas phase by diluting the combustible fuel, leading to the improvement of the fire resistance of PA 11.

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The fire performance of polylactic acid containing a novel intumescent flame retardant and intercalated layered double hydroxides

Cited by 118 publications

References 34 publications

Synthesis, characterization of layered double hydroxide‐poly(methylmethacrylate) graft copolymers via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization and its effect on the performance of poly(lactic acid)

Synthesis, characterization of layered double hydroxide‐poly(methylmethacrylate) graft copolymers via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization and its effect on the performance of poly(lactic acid)

Preparation, Performance, and Kinetics of Poly(Lactic‐Acid)/Amidated Benzoic Acid Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides Nanocomposites by Reactive Extrusion Process

A new approach on improving the fire resistance of polyamide 11 by incorporating sulfur‐based flame retardant

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