The first isolation and genetic characterization of canine parvovirus types 2a and 2c from dogs with suspected enteritis in the Republic of Korea

Kang, Byeong Sul; Lee, Ju‐Yeon; Song, Jae-Young; dong, cho soo; Lee, Jienny; Hun, Hyun Bang; Ouh, In-Ohk

doi:10.13041/jpvm.2019.43.4.157

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“…Three antigenic variant strains of CPV-2 are recognized—2a, 2b, and 2c—based on at least five or six VP2 amino acid substitutions from the CPV-2 original virus, which is no longer present in canine populations, although its variants are frequently detected [ 5 ]. CPV-2c is predominant in Europe, North America, and South America [ 6 – 9 ], whereas CPV-2a and CPV-2b are generally reported from Asia and Africa [ 5 , 10 , 11 ]. More recently, CPV-2c and CPV-2b has been observed in Australia [ 12 , 13 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

First isolation and molecular characterization of canine parvovirus-type 2b (CPV-2b) from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) living in the wild habitat of Turkey

Kuruçay

Tamer

Müftüoğlu

et al. 2023

Virol J

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Background The canine parvovirus, with its many variants, is responsible for a pivotal and common viral infection affecting millions of dogs and other carnivore species worldwide, particularly the wild ones, which are considered as the main reservoir hosts. To that end, this study investigated the presence of canine parvovirus (CPV) in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) living in wild habitats of several regions of Turkey. Methods We randomly collected 630 archival fox stool specimens from rural areas of 22 provinces and used real-time PCR to detect CPV. Results Two of the 630 (0.3%) stool samples were positive for CPV-DNA, named Tr-Fox/128(Aydın) and Tr-Fox/159(Manisa). We attempted to isolate the virus in a MDCK cell line, and cytopathic effects were observed four days post-inoculation. Three regions corresponding to the CPV capsid protein VP2 gene from extracted DNA of positive samples were amplified by conventional PCR, and the products were visualised, purified, and Sanger sequenced. Three overlapping DNA raw sequence fragments, were read, assembled, and aligned to obtain approximately 1.5 kb-long regions that cover most of the VP2 gene, then deposited in GenBank. After comparing the isolates with parvovirus sequences data of domestic and wild carnivores by BLAST processing, our isolates' similarity rate with each other was 99.40%, with base differences in 9 nucleotide positions. They were classified as 2b variant closely related to isolates from dogs in Turkey, Egypt, Iraq, Italy, Thailand, and China. Conclusion This study presents evidence of interspecies transmission of CPV, of which there are no reports on prevalence in wildlife carnivores of our country. Identification of CPV in red foxes threatens local and hunting dogs, which may contract the infection or disseminate it to other wild animal species or vice-versa.

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