The first plastic produced, but the latest studied in microplastics research: The assessment of leaching, ecotoxicity and bioadhesion of Bakelite microplastics

Klun, Barbara; Rozman, Ula; Ogrizek, Monika; Kalčíková, Gabriela

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119454

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, we focused on the monitoring of MPs adhered to duckweed biomass as previous studies have shown that MPs can interact with organisms via bio-adhesion [ 38 , 39 ]. The results showed that only microbeads (made of polyethylene) were adhered to a greater extent and that the percentage of adhered tire wear particles, fibers, wood dust, and cellulose particles was comparable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Duckweed Lemna minor to Microplastics and Its Potential Use as a Bioindicator of Microplastic Pollution

Rozman

Kalčíková

2022

Plants

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Biomonitoring has become an indispensable tool for detecting various environmental pollutants, but microplastics have been greatly neglected in this context. They are currently monitored using multistep physico-chemical methods that are time-consuming and expensive, making the search for new monitoring options of great interest. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using an aquatic macrophyte as a bioindicator of microplastic pollution in freshwaters. Therefore, the effects and adhesion of three types of microplastics (polyethylene microbeads, tire wear particles, and polyethylene terephthalate fibers) and two types of natural particles (wood dust and cellulose particles) to duckweed Lemna minor were investigated. The results showed that fibers and natural particles had no effect on the specific growth rate, chlorophyll a content, and root length of duckweed, while a significant reduction in the latter was observed when duckweed was exposed to microbeads and tire wear particles. The percentage of adhered particles was ten times higher for polyethylene microbeads than for other microplastics and natural particles, suggesting that the adhesion of polyethylene microbeads to duckweed is specific. Because the majority of microplastics in freshwaters are made of polyethylene, the use of duckweed for their biomonitoring could provide important information on microplastic pollution in freshwaters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Duckweed Lemna minor to Microplastics and Its Potential Use as a Bioindicator of Microplastic Pollution

Rozman

Kalčíková

2022

Plants

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“…The concentration of each type of MPs was 10,000 particles/L and each treatment (including the control without MPs) was replicated six times. The concentration was selected based on the results of our previous studies 5 , 6 , 22 , 45 and because concentrations of several thousand particles/L were detected in natural lakes 48 , therefore, selected concentration can be considered as a ˝hot spot˝ concentration. The exposure time was 168 h in a climate chamber at a constant temperature (24 ± 1 °C), a light intensity of 7000 ± 500 lx, and a light/dark photoperiod of 16/8 h.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the results of this study, it is evident that the shape of microplastics significantly affects not only ecotoxicity but also other environmentally relevant processes.Recently, microplastics (MPs), solid, insoluble plastic particles ranging in size from 1 to 1000 µm 1 , have attracted particular interest due to their abundance in the environment and potential impact on biota and human health 2 . MPs, however, are not a uniform compound or material, but they are characterized by extreme variability, as they can be made from any polymer ever produced, contain different additives in the polymer matrix, and have different shapes and sizes 3,4 .The polymer type and the presence of additives play an important role in evaluating the ecotoxicity of MPs, as MPs composed of pure polymer often do not have negative effects, whereas those with additives or with unreacted monomers do [5][6][7] . Polymer type also affects MPs interactions with other contaminants, as certain polymer types adsorb contaminants to a greater extent 8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The polymer type and the presence of additives play an important role in evaluating the ecotoxicity of MPs, as MPs composed of pure polymer often do not have negative effects, whereas those with additives or with unreacted monomers do [5][6][7] . Polymer type also affects MPs interactions with other contaminants, as certain polymer types adsorb contaminants to a greater extent 8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Insights into the shape-dependent effects of polyethylene microplastics on interactions with organisms, environmental aging, and adsorption properties

Rozman,

Klun,

Kuljanin

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The shape-dependent effects of microplastics have been studied in the context of ingestion but have not been considered in other environmental processes. Therefore, we investigated how the shape of polyethylene microplastics (spheres, fragments, and films) affects interactions with plants, aging, and their adsorption properties. The shape had no effect on the growth rate and chlorophyll content of duckweed Lemna minor, but the fragments strongly adhered to the plant biomass and reduced the root length. The adsorption process of the model organic compound (methylene blue dye) was described by the same kinetic model for all shapes—the experimental data best fit the pseudo-second order model. However, twice as much methylene blue was adsorbed on films as on fragments and spheres. During environmental aging, most biofilm developed on films. The biofilm on spheres contained significantly less photosynthetic microorganisms, but twice as much extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as on fragments and films. This suggests that the attachment of microorganisms to spherical particles is limited and therefore more intensive production of EPS is required for stable biofilm formation. From the results of this study, it is evident that the shape of microplastics significantly affects not only ecotoxicity but also other environmentally relevant processes.

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“…The first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, was produced in 1907, marking the beginning of the global plastics industry [1] . Due to the excellent physicochemical properties and economic viability, plastic quickly conquered several industrial sectors, including packaging, healthcare, fisheries, and agriculture, over the 20th and 21st centuries [2] , [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global plastic upcycling during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: The status and perspective

Cui

Sheng

et al. 2023

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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The first plastic produced, but the latest studied in microplastics research: The assessment of leaching, ecotoxicity and bioadhesion of Bakelite microplastics

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

The Response of Duckweed Lemna minor to Microplastics and Its Potential Use as a Bioindicator of Microplastic Pollution

The Response of Duckweed Lemna minor to Microplastics and Its Potential Use as a Bioindicator of Microplastic Pollution

Insights into the shape-dependent effects of polyethylene microplastics on interactions with organisms, environmental aging, and adsorption properties

Global plastic upcycling during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: The status and perspective

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