The first reported fatality associated with the synthetic opioid 3,4‐dichloro‐<i>N</i>‐[2‐(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]‐<i>N</i>‐methylbenzamide (U‐47700) and implications for forensic analysis

Elliott, Simon; Brandt, Simon D.; Smith, Christopher M.

doi:10.1002/dta.1984

Cited by 146 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The other important fragment, at m/z 81 (C 6 H 9 + , 3.7 ppm), corresponds to the cyclohexyl ring, whose formation was already observed in the fragment at m/z 204 (a cyclohexyl ring loss from fragment m/z 284). All these fragments have been previously described in literature for the U-47700, and it was expected that some of them could also be observed for the U-49900 12 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Updating the list of known opioids through identification and characterization of the new opioid derivative 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)cyclohexyl)-N-methylbenzamide (U-49900)

Fabregat‐Safont

Carbón

Ventura

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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New psychoactive substances have been rapidly growing in popularity in the drug market as non-illegal drugs. In the last few years, an increment has been reported on the use of synthetic alternatives to heroin, the synthetic opioids. Based on the information provided by the European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Drug Addiction, these synthetic opioids have been related to overdoses and deaths in Europe and North America. One of these opioids is the U-47700. A few months ago, U-47700 was scheduled in the U.S. and other countries, and other opioid derivatives have been appearing in order to replace it. One of these compounds is U-49900, an analog of U-47700. A white powder sample was obtained from an anonymous user in Spain. After an accurate characterization by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and single-crystal X-ray diffraction; and complemented by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet and circular dichroism spectrophotometry, the drug sample was unequivocally identified as U-49900. The information provided will be useful for the Early Warning System and forensic laboratories for future identifications of the U-49900, as well as in tentative identifications of other related opioids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…This fragment could be produced from fragment m/z 173 by a carbon monoxide loss, or from fragment m/z 186 by an azirine loss. Both fragments (at m/z 186 and 145) have also been described for the U-47700 12 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Updating the list of known opioids through identification and characterization of the new opioid derivative 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)cyclohexyl)-N-methylbenzamide (U-49900)

Fabregat‐Safont

Carbón

Ventura

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…MT-45 may also be associated with delayed bilateral hearing loss, as reported in the case of three patients (Helander et al, 2014). Deaths have been reported in the literature with varying post-mortem serum and urine concentrations but again, with little consistency in patient case data, such data is not amenable to extrapolation into clinical care of the novel synthetic opioid-poisoned patient (Elliott et al, 2016, Dziadosz et al, 2017, McIntyre et al, 2017.…”

Section: Novel Synthetic Opioidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous overdose reports have also surfaced in the scientific literature starting in 2016 (Elliott et al, 2016;Ruan et al, 2016;Domanski et al, 2017;Schneir et al, 2017;Armenian et al, 2017;Jones et al, 2017;Mohr et al, 2016;Vo et al, 2017;McIntyre et al, 2017;Dziadosz et al, 2017). MT-45 was first reported as an NPS through the Early Warning System of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) in December 2013.…”

Section: Novel Synthetic Opioidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fentanyl, fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids: A comprehensive review

et al. 2018

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“…In the last case, U-47700 (140 ng/mL) was found in a patient’s urine sample (92). The case reports of analytically confirmed deaths involving U-47700 (70–73, 93) are summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: New Generation Of Synthetic Opioids: Ah-7921 U-47700 and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Expanding World of Novel Psychoactive Substances: Opioids

Zawilska

2017

Front. Psychiatry

158

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The abuse of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has been increasing dramatically worldwide since late 2000s. By the end of 2015, more than 560 NPS had been reported to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Although the most popular compounds are synthetic cannabinoids and psychostimulatory derivatives of cathinone (so-called β-keto-amphetamines), novel synthetic opioids have recently emerged on the recreational drug market. They include fentanyl (a potent narcotic analgesic) and its analogs (e.g., acetylfentanyl, acryloylfentanyl, carfentanil, α-methylfentanyl, 3-methylfentanyl, furanylfentanyl, 4-fluorobutyrylfentanyl, 4-methoxybutyrylfentanyl, 4-chloroisobutyrylfentanyl, 4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl, tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl, cyclopentylfentanyl, and ocfentanil) and compounds with different chemical structures, such as AH-7921, MT-45, and U-47700. This survey provides an overview of the pharmacological properties, pattern of use, and desired and unwanted effects of the above-listed novel opioids. Special emphasis is given to cases of non-fatal and lethal intoxication involving these compounds.

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The first reported fatality associated with the synthetic opioid 3,4‐dichloro‐N‐[2‐(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]‐N‐methylbenzamide (U‐47700) and implications for forensic analysis

Cited by 146 publications

References 11 publications

Updating the list of known opioids through identification and characterization of the new opioid derivative 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)cyclohexyl)-N-methylbenzamide (U-49900)

Updating the list of known opioids through identification and characterization of the new opioid derivative 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)cyclohexyl)-N-methylbenzamide (U-49900)

Fentanyl, fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids: A comprehensive review

An Expanding World of Novel Psychoactive Substances: Opioids

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