The flagellar master operon
            <i>
              flh
              <scp>DC</scp>
            </i>
            is a pleiotropic regulator involved in motility and virulence of the fish pathogen
            <i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>

Jozwick, Anna K. S.; Graf, Joerg; Welch, Timothy J.

doi:10.1111/jam.13374

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In competition assays, the flh∆D mutant of Y. ruckeri was reported to be more virulent than the WT strain. Examination of spleen in rainbow trout revealed an increased density of the flh∆D mutant compared to the WT (Jozwick et al, 2016). This finding indicates that flhD mutation contributes to Y. ruckeri virulence.…”

Section: Flagellar Master Operon (Flhdc)mentioning

confidence: 84%

The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen

Wróbel

Ottoni

Leo

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Biology

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Inverse autotransporters comprise the recently identified type Ve secretion system and are exemplified by intimin from enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli and invasin from enteropathogenic Yersiniae. These proteins share a common domain architecture and promote bacterial adhesion to host cells. Here, we identified and characterized two putative inverse autotransporter genes in the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri NVH_3758, namely yrInv (for Y. ruckeri invasin) and yrIlm (for Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule). When trying to clone the highly repetitive genes for structural and functional studies, we experienced problems in obtaining PCR products. PCR failures and the highly repetitive nature of inverse autotransporters prompted us to sequence the genome of Y. ruckeri NVH_3758 using PacBio sequencing, which produces some of the longest average read lengths available in the industry at this moment. According to our sequencing data, YrIlm is composed of 2603 amino acids (7812bp) and has a molecular mass of 256.4kDa. Based on the new genome information, we performed PCR analysis on four non-sequenced Y. ruckeri strains as well as the sequenced. Y. ruckeri type strain. We found that the genes are variably present in the strains, and that the length of yrIlm, when present, also varies. In addition, the length of the gene product for all strains, including the type strain, was much longer than expected based on deposited sequences. The internal repeats of the yrInv gene product are highly diverged, but represent the same bacterial immunoglobulin-like domains as in yrIlm. Using qRT-PCR, we found that yrIlm and yrInv are differentially expressed under conditions relevant for pathogenesis. In addition, we compared the genomic context of both genes in the newly sequenced Y. ruckeri strain to all available PacBio-sequenced Y. ruckeri genomes, and found indications of recent events of horizontal gene transfer. Taken together, this study demonstrates and highlights the power of Single Molecule Real-Time technology for sequencing highly repetitive proteins, and sheds light on the genetic events that gave rise to these highly repetitive genes in a commercially important fish pathogen.

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Section: Flagellar Master Operon (Flhdc)mentioning

confidence: 84%

The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen

Wróbel

Ottoni

Leo

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Biology

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“…The master regulator FlhDC acts as a regulator of both flagella and virulence factor synthesis in many bacteria, such as Yersinia ruckeri , Edwardsiella tarda and Ralstonia solanacearum (Jozwick et al. , ; Tans‐Kersten et al. , ; Xu et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification by Tn‐seq of Dickeya dadantii genes required for survival in chicory plants

Royet

Parisot

Rodrigue

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary The identification of the virulence factors of plant‐pathogenic bacteria has relied on the testing of individual mutants on plants, a time‐consuming process. Transposon sequencing (Tn‐seq) is a very powerful method for the identification of the genes required for bacterial growth in their host. We used this method in a soft‐rot pathogenic bacterium to identify the genes required for the multiplication of Dickeya dadantii in chicory. About 100 genes were identified showing decreased or increased fitness in the plant. Most had no previously attributed role in plant–bacterium interactions. Following our screening, in planta competition assays confirmed that the uridine monophosphate biosynthesis pathway and the purine biosynthesis pathway were essential to the survival of D. dadantii in the plant, as the mutants ∆ carA , ∆ purF , ∆ purL , ∆ guaB and ∆ pyrE were unable to survive in the plant in contrast with the wild‐type (WT) bacterium. This study also demonstrated that the biosynthetic pathways of leucine, cysteine and lysine were essential for bacterial survival in the plant and that RsmC and GcpA were important in the regulation of the infection process, as the mutants ∆ rsmC and ∆ gcpA were hypervirulent. Finally, our study showed that D. dadantii flagellin was glycosylated and that this modification conferred fitness to the bacterium during plant infection. Assay by this method of the large collections of environmental pathogenic strains now available will allow an easy and rapid identification of new virulence factors.

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“…In the same way, the mutation of the flhC gene could be involved in the loss of CAE 393, CAE 399 and CAE 410 motility and phospholipase activity. Indeed, the operon flhDC encodes a master regulator of flagellar synthesis and is clearly involved in the motility, phopspholipase secretion and virulence of Y. ruckeri (Jozwick, Graf, & Welch, ). These authors have shown that flhD mutants of a motile strain were similar to BT2 strains (Jozwick et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the operon flhDC encodes a master regulator of flagellar synthesis and is clearly involved in the motility, phopspholipase secretion and virulence of Y. ruckeri (Jozwick, Graf, & Welch, ). These authors have shown that flhD mutants of a motile strain were similar to BT2 strains (Jozwick et al, ). Similarly, flhC mutation probably leads to a blocking of the function of the operon flhDC .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutations involved in the emergence of Yersinia ruckeri biotype 2 in France

Moreau¹,

Thomas

Brevet³

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Summary Yersina ruckeri is an enterobacteria responsible for Enteric redmouth disease (ERM), which causes significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. Two biotypes have been described within Y. ruckeri: biotype 1 (BT1) and biotype 2 (BT2). Unlike BT1, BT2 is negative for motility and lipase secretion. The emergence of BT2 Y. ruckeri has been associated with disease outbreaks in vaccinated fish in several countries, notably France in the early 2000s. In this study, 15 BT2 strains (14 BT2 strains isolated in France and the BT2 reference strain EX5) were studied to compare the phenotypic characters of the BT1 and BT2 strains and to determine the genetic origin of the emergence of BT2 in France. BT1 bacteria are significantly longer in size than BT2 bacteria (a difference of 0.222 µm). The loss of motility of some French BT2 strains could be due to the loss of their ability to produce flagella caused by three mutations within the fliG, flhC and flgA genes. In the light of these results, the emergence of BT2 Yersinia ruckeri in France is discussed.

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The flagellar master operon flh DC is a pleiotropic regulator involved in motility and virulence of the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen

The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen

Identification by Tn‐seq of Dickeya dadantii genes required for survival in chicory plants

Mutations involved in the emergence of Yersinia ruckeri biotype 2 in France

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