The formation processes of oxide phases from polymer–salt complexes of ammonium molybdate and tungstate

Oxide material synthesis by combustion of organic-inorganic compositions

“…Polymer film compositions which include partially recovered vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten ions have been proposed for use as membranes of ionselective electrodes which are sensitive to the aforementioned ion concentrations in the solutions studied [179,194]. To conclude this Section, we should mention another option to produce homogeneous precursors in those cases where the oxides are composed of ions of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten [195][196][197][198] and metals with similar chemical properties. There is precipitation when introducing the ions of most alkaline earth, rare earth, and transition metals into such metallic saline solutions to produce the respective complex oxides.…”

“…As SCS oxide nanoparticles are prone to aggregation, their structure and dimensions should be studied by a complex of methods [215]. The studies in [157,158,161,162,169,197,198,212,216] showed the necessity to use such methods as the x-ray diffraction, line broadening analysis, small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering, transmission electron microscopy, low-temperature gas adsorption curve analysis, etc.…”

“…One of the features of oxide material synthesis from organic-inorganic compositions is that the main or a substantial material portion formed in the combustion can be amorphous [95,96,98,99,126,169,197,198]. This, in particular, results in the possibility to significantly reduce the temperature of additional thermal treatment for final production.…”

“…This, in particular, results in the possibility to significantly reduce the temperature of additional thermal treatment for final production. The transition from the amorphous to the crystalline superfine state can lead to formation of globular particles with a well-developed, including fractal, surface [130,159,169,197,198]. Generally, the increased firing temperature leads to a smoothed surface of the particles [157-159, 161, 169, 197, 198].…”

Small-angle neutron scattering by the tungsten and molybdenum oxides synthesized from polymer–salt complexes in acidic medium

“…Earlier [1,2] the authors showed that the oxide phases WO 3 and MoO 3 in the substantial amount, resulted from the annealing of the samples at X300 C with the formation of nanometric size particles.…”