The Frontal Branch of the Facial Nerve across the Zygomatic Arch: Anatomical Relevance of the High-SMAS Technique

Trussler, Andrew P.; Stephan, Phillip J.; Hatef, Dan; Schaverien, Mark V.; Meade, Ricardo A.; Barton, Fritz E.

doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e3181d18136

Cited by 86 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It was determined that temporal branch was within the innominate fascia 1 cm above zygomatic arch and within the temporoparietal fascia 2 cm above it. Temporal branch of the facial nerve travels within the temporoparietal fascia in the lower temporal compartment (Trussler et al, 2010). Lower temporal compartment is a danger area because of the superficial course of the temporal branch in this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

True Retaining Ligaments of Face as Surgical Landmarks

Tatlısumak

Yoleri

2016

Int. J. Morphol.

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True Retaining ligaments of face as surgical landmarks. Int. J. Morphol., 34(3):854-859, 2016. SUMMARY:The adherence of the overlying tissues to the underlying structures in the face is maintained by the retaining ligaments. True retaining ligaments named orbital, zygomatic and mandibular ligaments are a series of fibrous bands that run from periosteum to the dermis. The tethering effect of true retaining ligaments must be released for achieving a satisfactory movement of facial skin and Superficial Muscular Aponeurotic System (SMAS) during facial rejuvenation procedures. The aim of this study was to define the location of the true retaining ligaments of the face and to discuss their usability as surgical landmarks. The study was made on ten hemi-faces of formaline-fixed cadavers. Dissections resembling face-lift procedures were applied and ligaments were determined. The distances of the ligaments to lateral canthus, tragus and commissure and to the lines from tragus to lateral canthus and commissure were measured. Correlations were investigated statistically. The distances of the zygomatic and mandibular ligaments from the tragus were 66.50±10.78 mm and 114.80±9.76 mm respectively. The distances of the zygomatic ligament from the commissure and the commissure tragus line were 56.30±8.94 mm and 28.40±5.19 mm respectively. The distances of zygomatic and mandibular ligaments from the tragus were strongly correlated with a ratio of 3/5 and there was a strong correlation between the distances of the zygomatic ligament from the commissure and commissure-tragus line with a ratio of 2. The results of this study elucidated the possibility of the use of the true retaining ligaments as surgical landmarks for facial surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

True Retaining Ligaments of Face as Surgical Landmarks

Tatlısumak

Yoleri

2016

Int. J. Morphol.

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“…Each of the fat aesthetic units of the face should have a carefully chosen anchoring point. Dissection to reach the periosteum is safe just above the radix of the ear, near the zygomatic arch/lateral orbit junction [14,17,29] and over the mastoid as shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This division may be somewhat higher than the traditional transverse SMAS division in some cases [14,15]. This division isolates the two main volumetric units of the face (the malar and the lateral facial) as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Individualization Of Volumetric Unitsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Triple-Anchoring Sub-SMAS Face-lift

Basile

2012

Aesth Plast Surg

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“…The senior author of the article (F. Barton) has performed over 1000 high-SMAS facelifts without any permanent temporofrontal rami injuries. 7 Our dissection study of 8 fresh hemi-faces shows that the parotid-temporal fascia is a thick tissue layer in the parotid region, but it gradually attenuates after crossing the zygomatic arch, and it ends superiorly at the inferior temporal septum. The parotid-temporal fascia extends anteriorly as far as the orbicularis oculi where it is continuous with the retro-orbicularis oculi fat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%