The fumR gene encoding fumarase in the filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae: cloning, structure and expression

Production of lactic acid and byproducts from waste potato starch by Rhizopus arrhizus: role of nitrogen sources

“…The investigation of the mechanism of fumaric acid accumulation with fumaric acid-producing Rhizopus arrhizus has been widely reported (Friedberg et al 1995;Kenealy et al 1986;Osmani and Scrutton 1985;Peleg et al 1989;Romano and Scott 1967). Fumarate synthesis occurs by a reductive pathway located exclusively in the cytosol, in which three enzymes: pyruvate carboxylase, malate dehydrogenase and fumarate hydratase convert pyruvate to fumarate (Kenealy et al 1986;Osmani and Scrutton 1985;Peleg et al 1989).…”

Organic Acid Production by Filamentous Fungi

“…Pyruvate carboxylase is located in the cytosol of R. oryzae (Osmani and Scrutton, 1985), as is one of two fumarate hydratase isozymes (Peleg et al, 1989b). A fumarate hydratase gene (fumR) has been cloned from R. oryzae, and found to encode a potential mitochondrial targeting sequence (Friedberg et al, 1995). The cytosolic fumarate hydratase activity increases during the production stage of the fumarate fermentation (Peleg et al, 1989b).…”

The Rhizopus oryzae secreted aspartic proteinase gene family: an analysis of gene expression

“…In addition, a degenerate oligonucleotide probe (hereafter referred to as the 'universal sap probe') was designed which hybridized to all four genes. Two R. oryzae genes have been cloned: the glucoamylase gene (Ashikari et al, 1986) and the fumarase gene (Friedberg et al, 1995). In addition, sequence for part of the R. oryzae arginine-specific carbamyolphosphate synthetase gene (cpsa) was available (unpublished data ; GenBank accession number AFO2.5850) .…”