The functional independence measure in spinal cord injured patients: comparison of questioning with observational rating

Karamehmetoglu, Safak Sahir; Karacan, İlhan; Elbasi, Nurgul Durustkan; Demirel, Gülcan; Koyuncu, Halil; Döşoğlu, Murat

doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3100341

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Studies showed that there was satisfactory agreement between the clinician observational scores and subjects' self-reports on FIM motor and cognitive scores. 7,8 The telephone version of FIM called FONE FIM was also validated locally with satisfactory psychometric properties. 9 The functional status was measured by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitation outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury in a tertiary spinal cord injury centre: a comparison with an international standard

Chan

2005

Spinal Cord

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Study design: Retrospective descriptive analysis of data of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in a tertiary SCI centre. Objectives: To identify the characteristics of the rehabilitation outcomes of patients with different levels of traumatic SCI and to compare the results with data reported in the American Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Setting: A newly established tertiary SCI centre in Tai Po Hospital, Tai Po, Hong Kong. Methods: A total of 33 patients with traumatic SCI admitted in 2002 were included in the study. They were classified into different ASIA subgroups based on their levels and completeness of injury. The functional status changes measured by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)t (on admission, placement and upon discharge, and at 1 and 3 months post discharge) and discharge placement were recorded as rehabilitation outcomes. Results: A total, 24 patients were tetraplegic while nine were paraplegic. Seven and two from tetraplegic and paraplegic groups were readmitted with late complications due to urinary tract infection, spasticity and/or occurrence of pressure sores. The mean age was found to be 48.36 (SD ¼ 15.64) years. In all, 16 (48.48%) sustained the injury from falling from height. The trend of FIM motor scores at discharge across different ASIA subgroups appeared to be comparable to those reported in the American Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine with scores generally lower. Significant functional improvements during the hospital phase were found in the two tetraplegic and paraplegic ASIA D subgroups (t(3) ¼ 3.430, Po0.05; t(2) ¼ 4.083, P ¼ 0.55, respectively). Significant differences were also revealed among subgroups (F(7,32) ¼ 6.625, Po0.0005) with lower level tetraplegic groups appearing to stay much longer in the rehabilitation centre. In all, 64.5% of newly diagnosed patients returned to live in the community. Conclusions: This report gives a preliminary overview on the characteristics of rehabilitation outcomes in one of the SCI centres in Hong Kong in relation to the international standard. Longitudinal study with larger population and community integration outcomes might be included in the future to reveal a better picture in the SCI rehabilitation in Hong Kong.Spinal Cord (2005) 43, 489-498.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitation outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury in a tertiary spinal cord injury centre: a comparison with an international standard

Chan

2005

Spinal Cord

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“…However, the observational rating is more time consuming and requires a proper environment and is more laborious. 20 In the present study, the questioning ratings were used, which could underestimate the ability of individuals to perform the motor FIM tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experience of using the scale of Functional Independence Measure in individuals undergoing spinal cord injury rehabilitation in Brazil

2014

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Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the level and completeness of the injury with Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score and the validity and responsiveness of the FIM in Brazilian individuals with spinal cord injury admitted to rehabilitation. Setting: SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasília, Brazil. Methods: A total of 218 patients with spinal cord injury admitted for rehabilitation in 2006 was included in this study. The validity was assessed as the ability of the FIM to discriminate different levels of disability (cervical, thoracic and lumbar) at admission and the responsiveness was obtained by analyzing admission and discharge data for each of the three injury groups. Results: Total FIM score, motor FIM score and each of the 13 items were valid when comparing three groups and comparing groups two by two, except the items 'eating' and 'grooming' among paraplegics, and 'stairs' at cervical and thoracic levels. The scale was not responsive to the five cognitive items, 'stairs' and 'eating', among paraplegics, or 'grooming', 'bathing' and 'dressing upper body' in lumbar level patients. The patient difficulty in performing tasks can vary among populations. Therefore, the continuous evaluation process of psychometric characteristics is important to validate the use of the instrument in different contexts.

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“…In contrast with the BI and MBI, the original FIM has been assessed in a number of studies with SCI patients 48,[21][22][23] , as have the more recent adapted versions 29,27,28,49 of the FIM. The SIP68 has also been evaluated with SCI patients in two studies with relatively large sample sizes.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A structured review of outcome measures used for the assessment of rehabilitation interventions for spinal cord injury

2008

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Objectives: To review the measurement properties of outcome measures of function or mobility currently used in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A keyword search of multiple databases to identify original papers. Papers were reviewed where they had included an evaluation, of people with SCI, of the psychometric properties of an outcome measure, which included functional or mobility domains. Information was extracted concerning item generation, ease and intended method of use and scale properties, in particular: reliability, validity and responsiveness. Conclusions were reached concerning the psychometric properties of each instrument. Results: Eight outcome measures were identified (plus adapted versions). Five had originally been developed specifically for evaluating patients with SCI (chiefly reflecting clinicians' perspectives), the remaining three had not. The psychometric properties of the instruments varied, with some mixed/ contradictory evidence likely relating to differing study sample sizes, characteristics and variable quality. Instruments also varied in stated purpose or emphasis. Conclusion: In addition to weighing evidence concerning measurement properties, users need to consider the stated purpose and item content of instruments in relation to their specific aims. With regard to the former, while reviewed instruments had some flaws, the Spinal cord Independence Measure (revised version III), Quadriplegia Index of Function (Short-form), Needs Assessment Checklist and SIP68 appeared the best, despite limited evidence of their responsiveness.

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The functional independence measure in spinal cord injured patients: comparison of questioning with observational rating

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

Rehabilitation outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury in a tertiary spinal cord injury centre: a comparison with an international standard

Rehabilitation outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury in a tertiary spinal cord injury centre: a comparison with an international standard

The experience of using the scale of Functional Independence Measure in individuals undergoing spinal cord injury rehabilitation in Brazil

A structured review of outcome measures used for the assessment of rehabilitation interventions for spinal cord injury

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