The Further Evolution of Cooperation

Axelrod, Robert; Dion, Douglas

doi:10.1126/science.242.4884.1385

Cited by 686 publications

(334 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

328

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because many researchers argue that there is little to distinguish PPD from depression occurring at other times (O'Hara and Zekoski 1988;Watson et al 1984;Whiffen 1991Whiffen , 1992Whiffen and Gotlib 1993), any conclusion reached for PPD also may be applicable to depression in general. The ability to defect from costly ventures has obvious utility, and many researchers argue that this ability is one of the foundations of cooperative behavior-cooperation cannot evolve if individuals have no means to renegotiate or terminate costly relationships (for a review, see Axelrod and Dion 1988). If depression is a strategy that humans use to renegotiate or defect from costly social relationships, it would be significant in understanding the evolution of cooperation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability to defect from costly endeavors is a key component of any cooperative enterprise. Nonkinship-based reciprocity cannot evolve or be maintained in the population if individuals do not have the ability to defect (Axelrod and Dion 1988;Axelrod and Hamilton 1984), a result with the disturbing implication that child neglect and abandonment are necessary for the evolution and maintenance of cooperative childrearing.…”

Section: The Defection Hypothesis Part Three: Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trivers' theory of reciprocal altruism (Trivers 1971) and later work on the evolution of cooperation that it inspired (for a review, see Axelrod and Dion 1988) help provide a more general formulation of the "labor strike" analogy. Like the relationship between a worker and her boss, the human pair bond is a cooperative ventureboth the mother and father agree to participate in the mutually fitness-enhancing endeavor of childrearing.…”

Section: The Defection Hypothesis Part Three: Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Hagen

1999

Evolution and Human Behavior

219

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolutionary approaches to parental care suggest that parents will not automatically invest in all offspring, and they should reduce or eliminate investment in their children if the costs outweigh the benefits. Lack of paternal or social support will increase the costs born by mothers, whereas infant health problems will reduce the evolutionary benefits to be gained. Numerous studies support the correlation between postpartum depression (PPD) and lack of social support or indicators of possible infant health and development problems. PPD may be an adaptation that informs mothers that they are suffering or have suffered a fitness cost, which motivates them to reduce or eliminate investment in offspring under certain circumstances, and that may help them negotiate greater levels of investment from others. PPD also appears to be a good model for depression in general.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Defection Hypothesis Part Three: Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Defection Hypothesis Part Three: Negotiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Hagen

1999

Evolution and Human Behavior

219

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evolutionary models strongly suggest that individuals join groups because they are able to gain fitness benefits from group members by providing fitness benefits in return (see, e.g., Axelrod and Dion 1988). Such cooperative strategies commonly take the form of either exchanges of benefits (including inclusive fitness benefits) or mutualism.…”

Section: Social Cohesion or Bondingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music and dance as a coalition signaling system

Hagen

Bryant

2003

Hum Nat

427

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence suggests that humans might have neurological specializations for music processing, but a compelling adaptationist account of music and dance is lacking. The sexual selection hypothesis cannot easily account for the widespread performance of music and dance in groups (especially synchronized performances), and the social bonding hypothesis has severe theoretical difficulties. Humans are unique among the primates in their ability to form cooperative alliances between groups in the absence of consanguineal ties. We propose that this unique form of social organization is predicated on music and dance. Music and dance may have evolved as a coalition signaling system that could, among other things, credibly communicate coalition quality, thus permitting meaningful cooperative relationships between groups. This capability may have evolved from coordinated territorial defense signals that are common in many social species, including chimpanzees. We present a study in which manipulation of music synchrony significantly altered subjects' perceptions of music quality, and in which subjects' perceptions of music quality were correlated with their perceptions of coalition quality, supporting our hypothesis. Our hypothesis also has implications for the evolution of psychological mechanisms underlying cultural production in other domains such as food

show abstract

“…For dyadic situations, noise is formally defined as discrepancies between intended and actual outcomes for an interaction partner due to unintended errors (e.g., Axelrod & Dion, 1988;Bendor, Kramer, & Stout, 1991;Van Lange, Ouwerkerk, & Tazelaar, 2002). If both parties act in a reciprocal manner, such unintended errors may lead to an escalation of conflict according to the so-called echo effect (Axelrod, 1984).…”

Section: Noise In Social-ecological Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Prosocials Act Like Proselfs in a Commons Dilemma

Brucks

Lange

2007

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Past research has shown that people with prosocial orientations exercise restraint when collectively shared resources are close to being depleted, whereas people with proself orientations tend to maintain high levels of consumption. This research seeks to extend this important finding by examining whether the presence of noise in social-ecological interaction may modify the effects of social values in a commons dilemma. Participants were taking resources from a gradually declining pool. For half of the participants, the intended consumption was subject to incidental increases in consumption (negative noise). Consistent with hypotheses, noise exerted detrimental effects on cooperation when resources became scarce, yet these effects were only observed for prosocials, not for proselfs. These results indicate that noise in social-ecological interaction plays an important role in common-pool management. It tends to undermine cooperation among those who are otherwise inclined to save resources .

show abstract

The Further Evolution of Cooperation

Cited by 686 publications

References 48 publications

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Music and dance as a coalition signaling system

When Prosocials Act Like Proselfs in a Commons Dilemma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About