The Geographical Distribution and Features of 7Be Deposition in Japan.

Narazaki, Yukinori; Fujitaka, Kazunobu

doi:10.5453/jhps.37.317

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Long-term observations show that this phenomenon is not transient but stationary. These results are consistent with the deposition patterns reported until now for radioactive fallout, 90 Sr, 137 Cs, 239,240 Pb and 7 Be (Katsuragi, 1983;Hirose et al, 2001;Narazaki and Fujitaka, 2002;Narazaki et al, 2003).…”

Section: Spatial Trends Of 210 Pb and 7 Be Depositionssupporting

confidence: 95%

“…A considerable body of literature exists on the depositional fluxes of 7 Be and radioactive fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing throughout Japan and it has been shown that there are seasonal variations in the depositional fluxes of these nuclides (Katsuragi, 1983;Katsuragi and Aoyama, 1986;Ishikawa et al, 1995;Hirose et al, 2001;Narazaki and Fujitaka, 2002;Narazaki et al, 2003). However, 210 Pb data and combined measurements of these nuclides are very limited (Yokota, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Seasonal and spatial variation of atmospheric 210Pb and 7Be deposition: features of the Japan Sea side of Japan

Yamamoto

Sakaguchi

Sasaki

et al. 2006

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Section: Spatial Trends Of 210 Pb and 7 Be Depositionssupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal and spatial variation of atmospheric 210Pb and 7Be deposition: features of the Japan Sea side of Japan

Yamamoto

Sakaguchi

Sasaki

et al. 2006

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…Annual deposition of 7 Be at 45 points in Japan ( 05 N, 127 54 E 141 27 E) in 1989 1995 is 290 (Gifu) 6,500 Bqm 2 (Ishikawa), and mean is 1,500 820 Bqm 2 . 58) These values roughly coincided with 1,600 Bqm 2 year 1 derived from the BROST et al global model, 34) but in Japan there are slightly large statistical deviation and local differences.…”

Section: Countrywide Distributionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The increase of cosmic ray intensity in Irkutsk in 1990 1995 is corresponding to such increase of 7 Be concentration in rain on Japan Sea side, which indicates a possibility that the 7 Be is transported from Siberian high pressure area. 58) In locations of insignificant annual variation of 7 Be deposition, the 7 Be is related to amounts of rain in West Japan, and the amount of 7 Be deposition depends on the amount of rain. On the other hand, annual 7 Be deposition decreased in Tokyo and Osaka where yearly decrease of 7 Be concentration in rain occurred, and the reason is considered due to decrease of supply of 7 Be to rain.…”

Section: Yearly Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic 7Be: Atmospheric Concentration and Deposition in Japan

Narazaki

Fujitaka²

2009

Jpn. J. Health Phys.

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Earth is surrounded by various particles called cosmic rays, composed of electrons, protons and alpha particles. 1) Cosmic rays into the earth's atmosphere, born in explosion of super nova and the sun, partly born as secondary particles, are composed of highly energetic particles (protons, alpha particles and heavier ions). But they do not move freely due to Cutoff effects of the geomagnetic field, of which energy is below several MeV, but cosmic rays of above this energy allow particles enter into the atmosphere along the geomagnetic lines of force. About 90% of the particles are composed of protons, and the remainders consist of charged alpha particles. These charged particles bear electrons as well as neutrons through cascade process when they collide with atoms of upper atmosphere. When protons and/or neutrons collide with atmospheric components like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, argon and so on, they produce various nuclear fragments like 3 H, 7 Be, 10 Be, 14 C, 22 Na, 32 P, 33 P and 35 S. 2, 3) These cosmogenic nuclides reach to the earth continuously. Among all, 7 Be is most important cosmogenic nuclide of beta decay (electron capture) as 7 Be emit gamma rays of 0.478 MeV (branching ratio: 10.5%, and decay constant: 1.5134 10 7 s 1), which is easily detectable. Beryllium-7 is produced according to the following reactions 4 6) (Fig. 1) : Maximum concentration of 7 Be is found in the upper stratosphere. 7) And 7 Be also depends on geomagnetism. Production rate of 7 Be in troposphere and total atmosphere are respectively 2.7 10 2 atoms cm 2 sec 1 , and 8.1 10 2 atoms cm 2 sec 1 , and global inventory is 3.2 g. 7) Thus produced 7 Be are attached to aerosol, and conduct dispersion and movement with mean residence time of about 7.4 8.9 days. 8) Beryllium-7 was found for the first time in rain by ARNOLD and Al-SALIH. 9) After this, CRUIKSHANK et al. 10) reported that 7 Be was detected in atmospheric aerosol. There have been lots of reports on 7 Be, in which 7 Be were detected in atmosphere as well as in rain. Beryllium-7 distributes uniformly in the atmosphere which covers all the earth. Therefore, 7 Be's vertical and horizontal transport in the stratosphere as well as troposphere will work as an effective tracer with half life of 53.3 days, both providing space and temporal information. Here, environmental movement and morphological characteristic are reviewed based on continuous measurement of atmospheric concentration of 7 Be and its deposition.

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“…Figure 14 (bottom row) compares the simulated wet deposition fluxes of 7 Be to the few observations that exist (Baskaran et al, 1993;Bleichrodt, 1978;Brown et al, 1989;Dibb, 1989;Du et al, 2008;Harvey and Matthews, 1989;Hasebe et al, 1981;Hirose et al, 2004;Igarashi et al, 1998;Narazaki and Fujitaka, 2010;Nijampurkar and Rao, 1993;Olsen et al, 1985;Papastefanou et al, 1995;Schuler et al, 1991;Turekian et al, 1983;Wallbrink and Murray, 1994, and references therein).…”

Section: Stratosphere-troposphere Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

GCAP 2.0: A global 3-D chemical-transport model framework for past, present, and future climate scenarios

Murray¹,

Leibensperger²,

Orbe³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. This manuscript describes version 2.0 of the Global Change and Air Pollution (GCAP 2.0) model framework, a one-way offline coupling between version E2.1 of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) general circulation model (GCM) and the GEOS-Chem global 3-D chemical-transport model (CTM). Meteorology for driving GEOS-Chem has been archived from the E2.1 contributions to Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) for the preindustrial and recent past. In addition, meteorology is available for the near future and end-of-the century for seven future scenarios ranging from extreme mitigation to extreme warming. Emissions and boundary conditions have been prepared for input to GEOS-Chem that are consistent with the CMIP6 experimental design. The model meteorology, emissions, transport and chemistry are evaluated in the recent past and found to be largely consistent with GEOS-Chem driven by the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) product and with observational constraints.

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The Geographical Distribution and Features of 7Be Deposition in Japan.

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Seasonal and spatial variation of atmospheric 210Pb and 7Be deposition: features of the Japan Sea side of Japan

Seasonal and spatial variation of atmospheric 210Pb and 7Be deposition: features of the Japan Sea side of Japan

Cosmogenic 7Be: Atmospheric Concentration and Deposition in Japan

GCAP 2.0: A global 3-D chemical-transport model framework for past, present, and future climate scenarios

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