“…Cause-and-effect physical determinism, in other words, cannot account for the programming of sequence-dependent biofunction (Abel and Trevors, 2005 , 2007 ; Abel, 2007 , 2009a , b , 2010 , 2011a , 2012b ). Nucleotide sequencing and consequent amino acid sequencing are formally programmed in both the nascent protein, and in the chaperones that help determine folding (Brier, 1998 ; Abel, 2000 ; El-Hani et al, 2006 ; Barbieri, 2007a , b , c , 2008 ; Bopry, 2007 ; Alp, 2010 ; D'Onofrio et al, 2012 ). In addition, the mRNA sequencing of codons itself also determines the rate of translation (internal mechanism).…”